year 10 ecology and genetics Flashcards
(28 cards)
what is the theory of natural selection?
organisms with an advantage are more likely to breed and pass on variations of genes
what is the theory explained by natural selection?
evolution
who developed the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
what is classification?
organising living things into groups
how did Linnaeus classify life?
observations of structure and characteristics
what is a species?
a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
what is a binomial name?
the scientific name of a species
how did Woses classify life?
observations of DNA and biochemistry
what are Woeses six kingdoms of life?
animals, plants, fungi, protocista, bacteria, archaea
what are the three domains of life?
eukaryota, bacteria, archaea
what is the evolutionary tree?
diagram that shows how different species are related
what is the fossil record?
fossils arranged in order of time that provides evidence of evolution
Give 3 reasons why the fossil record is incomplete.
early life was soft bodied
not all dead organisms form fossils
not all fossils have been found
what is a fossil?
preserved remains of an organism
what is mineralisation?
the harder parts of organism are replaced by minerals as they decay
what is extinction?
the permanent loss of all members of a species
what are 3 ways a species can become extinct?
new predators
new diseases
competition
how many times has climate change caused mass extinction on earth?
five
what is the decay cycle?
how nutrients cycle through the environment
what is the water cycle?
how water cycles through the environment
what are the 5 stages of the water cycle?
condensation, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, respiration
what is the carbon cycle?
how carbon cycles through the environment
how is carbon removed form the atmosphere?
photosynthesis
how is carbon returned to the atmosphere?
decay, respiration and combustion
