Nucleus
Communicates with surrounding cytosol. Enclosed in a double membrane.
Nuclelous
Produces ribosomes
Cytoplasm(cytosol)
Full of proteins such as water and glycolysis. Cellular metabolism occurs most
Centriole(centromere)
Ring of 9 groups of fused micro tubes. Are part of the cytoskeleton.
Golgi apparatus
Stack of membrane bound vesicles that are important in packaging maoromlecules for transport. Membrane bond structure with a single membrane.
Cell membrane
Hold cell organelles together. Acts as a protective barrier
Mitochondria
Power centre of the cell providing the energy a cell needs to move, divide,contact
Vacuole
The release of cellular waste products
Cell wall
Provided and maintains the shape of the cells, prevents water loss.
Chloroplast
Contains plant cell chlorophyll (responsible for plants green colour) and the ability to absorb energy from sunlight.
Smooth endoplasmic rectulum
Breaks down lipid
Rough endoplasmic rectulum
Proteins helped transport through cell
Ribosome
Pockets of rna and protein. Play crucial role in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Lysomes
Contains hydrolytic enzymes necessary for inracellular digestion
Identify the key differences between an animal and plant cell
Cell wall and chloroplast are plant cell only.
Centriole is animal cell only.
Animal cells are round and irregular in shape.
Plant cell have fixed rectangular shapes.
Differences between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.
Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane bound organelles including a nucleus, they can be single called or multi celled.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane bound organelle.
Identify the key organisation levels of organisms and discuss why each level is significant.
Tissues- adapted to perform body functions eg. Muscle tissue cells contract to cause movement
Organs-made up of multiple tissues to carry out more complete body functions eg. The kidney filters blood to remove waste.
Organ systems-a group of organs working together to complete functions too complex for tissues or organs eg. Each organ for the digestive system is responsible for a different aspect.
Label a plant and cell diagram
In book
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
What does rna stand for
Ribnoucleeic acid
Discuss why it is important to replicate DNA accurately.
Because it creates a second copy of DNA that must go into one of the two daughter cells when a cell divides. Without replication each cell lacks enough genetic material to provide instructions for creating body proteins to help bodily function.
Identify the location key steps and requirements for replicating DNA
Occurs within the nucleus of the cell.
First step in DNA replication is the strands are unzipped. An exact copy is then made by matching each base with its complementary base. Once a section is copied one old and one new strand are zipped together to produce the duplicate DNA. ( crest cork shaped shape)
Label a diagram of DNA and rna strand
In book
Discuss the relationship between DNA genes and chromosomes
Chromosomes are Paived long chains within a cell nucleus that are composed of genes, which are made up of the chemical substance called DNA.
Identify how being able to analyse DNA in a laboratory conditions would be significant in society
- helps diagnose diseases
- formulate brand new drugs
Write a complementary strand of DNA/RNA using chargaffs ruke (a-t,g-c)
Research
Describe the location and function of DNA and the three throes of rna(mRNA,tRNA, rRNA)
Research answer
I pare the differences and similarities between mitosis and meiosis.
Similarities- split the chromosomes into the daughter cells, both involve cell division, both involve cellular DNA duplication.
Differences- mitosis creates two daughter cells that have identical chromosomes to the parent cell, meiosis forms four daughter cells with varying degrees of the parents cell chromosomes, mitosis occurs in many different tissues of animals, meiosis only happens in specialised tissues.
Describe the events occurring in mitosis to produce two identical daughter cells
Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Look in book for functions
Explain the significance of meiosis in the production of gametes for sexual reproduction.
It stops the chromosomes from doubling
Not right
Identify the meaning of gene expression and identify how genes may be influenced.
Refers to the appearance in the organism of the characteristic that the gene codes for. May be influenced by environmental factors -diet exercise, DNA inherited from parents, cellular factors such as age.
Outline the key steps involved in protein synthesis stating clearly he process involved in transcription and translation.
The synthesis of proteins takes two steps, transcription and translation. Transcription takes the information encoded in DNA and encodes it into mRNA, which heads out of the cells nucleus and into the cytoplasm during translation the mRNA works with a ribosome and tRNA to synthesise proteins
Identify and describe the role of DNA rna polymerase mRNA tRNA and amino acids in the process
Unknown
Study all work sheets
The handouts