Year 10 Science Test N1 Flashcards Preview

Economics - HASS Exam > Year 10 Science Test N1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Year 10 Science Test N1 Deck (34)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Nucleus

A

Communicates with surrounding cytosol. Enclosed in a double membrane.

2
Q

Nuclelous

A

Produces ribosomes

3
Q

Cytoplasm(cytosol)

A

Full of proteins such as water and glycolysis. Cellular metabolism occurs most

4
Q

Centriole(centromere)

A

Ring of 9 groups of fused micro tubes. Are part of the cytoskeleton.

5
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Stack of membrane bound vesicles that are important in packaging maoromlecules for transport. Membrane bond structure with a single membrane.

6
Q

Cell membrane

A

Hold cell organelles together. Acts as a protective barrier

7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power centre of the cell providing the energy a cell needs to move, divide,contact

8
Q

Vacuole

A

The release of cellular waste products

9
Q

Cell wall

A

Provided and maintains the shape of the cells, prevents water loss.

10
Q

Chloroplast

A

Contains plant cell chlorophyll (responsible for plants green colour) and the ability to absorb energy from sunlight.

11
Q

Smooth endoplasmic rectulum

A

Breaks down lipid

12
Q

Rough endoplasmic rectulum

A

Proteins helped transport through cell

13
Q

Ribosome

A

Pockets of rna and protein. Play crucial role in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

14
Q

Lysomes

A

Contains hydrolytic enzymes necessary for inracellular digestion

15
Q

Identify the key differences between an animal and plant cell

A

Cell wall and chloroplast are plant cell only.
Centriole is animal cell only.
Animal cells are round and irregular in shape.
Plant cell have fixed rectangular shapes.

16
Q

Differences between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.

A

Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane bound organelles including a nucleus, they can be single called or multi celled.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane bound organelle.

17
Q

Identify the key organisation levels of organisms and discuss why each level is significant.

A

Tissues- adapted to perform body functions eg. Muscle tissue cells contract to cause movement
Organs-made up of multiple tissues to carry out more complete body functions eg. The kidney filters blood to remove waste.
Organ systems-a group of organs working together to complete functions too complex for tissues or organs eg. Each organ for the digestive system is responsible for a different aspect.

18
Q

Label a plant and cell diagram

A

In book

19
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid.

20
Q

What does rna stand for

A

Ribnoucleeic acid

21
Q

Discuss why it is important to replicate DNA accurately.

A

Because it creates a second copy of DNA that must go into one of the two daughter cells when a cell divides. Without replication each cell lacks enough genetic material to provide instructions for creating body proteins to help bodily function.

22
Q

Identify the location key steps and requirements for replicating DNA

A

Occurs within the nucleus of the cell.
First step in DNA replication is the strands are unzipped. An exact copy is then made by matching each base with its complementary base. Once a section is copied one old and one new strand are zipped together to produce the duplicate DNA. ( crest cork shaped shape)

23
Q

Label a diagram of DNA and rna strand

A

In book

24
Q

Discuss the relationship between DNA genes and chromosomes

A

Chromosomes are Paived long chains within a cell nucleus that are composed of genes, which are made up of the chemical substance called DNA.

25
Q

Identify how being able to analyse DNA in a laboratory conditions would be significant in society

A
  • helps diagnose diseases

- formulate brand new drugs

26
Q

Write a complementary strand of DNA/RNA using chargaffs ruke (a-t,g-c)

A

Research

27
Q

Describe the location and function of DNA and the three throes of rna(mRNA,tRNA, rRNA)

A

Research answer

28
Q

I pare the differences and similarities between mitosis and meiosis.

A

Similarities- split the chromosomes into the daughter cells, both involve cell division, both involve cellular DNA duplication.

Differences- mitosis creates two daughter cells that have identical chromosomes to the parent cell, meiosis forms four daughter cells with varying degrees of the parents cell chromosomes, mitosis occurs in many different tissues of animals, meiosis only happens in specialised tissues.

29
Q

Describe the events occurring in mitosis to produce two identical daughter cells

A
Interphase 
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase 
Telophase 
Look in book for functions
30
Q

Explain the significance of meiosis in the production of gametes for sexual reproduction.

A

It stops the chromosomes from doubling

Not right

31
Q

Identify the meaning of gene expression and identify how genes may be influenced.

A

Refers to the appearance in the organism of the characteristic that the gene codes for. May be influenced by environmental factors -diet exercise, DNA inherited from parents, cellular factors such as age.

32
Q

Outline the key steps involved in protein synthesis stating clearly he process involved in transcription and translation.

A

The synthesis of proteins takes two steps, transcription and translation. Transcription takes the information encoded in DNA and encodes it into mRNA, which heads out of the cells nucleus and into the cytoplasm during translation the mRNA works with a ribosome and tRNA to synthesise proteins

33
Q

Identify and describe the role of DNA rna polymerase mRNA tRNA and amino acids in the process

A

Unknown

34
Q

Study all work sheets

A

The handouts