Year 8 Autum CAF

Question 1

Africa

Answer 1

The second largest continent.

Question 2

Middle East

Answer 2

A ‘trans-continental’ region which includes countries in the continents of Afica and Asia.

Question 3

Biomes

Answer 3

Biomes are areas of our planet with similar climates, landscapes, animals and plants.

Question 4

Climate Graph

Answer 4

A combination of a bar graph and a line graph. Temperature is shown on a line graph, rainfall is shown on a bar graph.

Question 5

Arusha School

Answer 5

A secondary school in Arush,Tanzania with links to The Long Eaton School.

Question 6

Stereotypes

Answer 6

When a large group of people have an over simplified, often inaccurate, belief about a type of people or place.

Question 7

Child soldiers

Answer 7

Thousands of children are serving as soldiers in armed conflicts around the world. These boys and girls, some as young as 8 years old, serve in government forces and armed opposition groups.

Question 8

Blood diamonds

Answer 8

Diamonds mined in war zones and sold to pay for military supplies and further fighting.

Question 9

Development

Answer 9

The geography of development is all about wealth (money) and the quality of life of people living on our planet varies from place to place.

Question 10

Global citizens

Answer 10

A global citizen is someone who is aware of and understands the wider world - and their place in it. They take an active role in their community and work with others to make our planet more peaceful, sustainable and fairer.

Question 11

What is the second largest continent by size and population?

Answer 11

Africa

Question 12

How people live in Africa?

Answer 12

1.3 billion

Question 13

How countries are there in Africa?

Answer 13

54

Question 14

How many languages are spoken in Africa?

Answer 14

Over 1,500.

Question 15

Which religions is the Middle East the birthplace of?

Answer 15

Islam, Christianity and Judaism.

Question 16

What is the tallest building in the world?

Answer 16

The Burj Khalifa

Question 17

Where is the Burj Khalifa?

Answer 17

Dubai

Question 18

How tall is the Burj Khalifa?

Answer 18

828 metres

Question 19

Contour lines

Answer 19

Imaginary lines joining points of equal height above sea-level.

Question 20

Degrees

Answer 20

A unit of latitude or longitude, divided into 60 minutes, used to define points on the earth’s surface or on the celestial sphere.

Question 21

Eastings

Answer 21

On a map, numbered vertical grid lines that increase in value as they move to the east.

Question 22

Equator

Answer 22

The imaginary great circle around the earth’s surface equidistant from the poles and perpendicular (at right angle) to the earth’s axis of rotation. It divides the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

Question 23

GPS

Answer 23

Global Positioning System. These pinpoint an exact location on the globe according to lines of latitude and longitude.

Question 24

Grid references

Answer 24

A set of numbers that you use to locate a place on a map.

Question 25

Latitude

Answer 25

Imaginary lines around the earth running parallel to the equator. These are measured in degrees north or south of the equator.

Question 26

Longitude

Answer 26

Imaginary lines around the earth running from the north to the south pole. These are measured in degrees east or west of the Greenwich or Prime Meridian.

Question 27

Scale

Answer 27

The ratio on a map, graph or diagram to the corresponding actual distance.

Question 28

Spot height

Answer 28

A dot giving a height of a particular area.

Question 29

Interception

Answer 29

When leaves catch rainfall before it hits the ground.

Question 30

Permeable rock

Answer 30

Allows water to infiltrate and seep through the ground.

Question 31

Impermeable rock

Answer 31

Does not allow water to infiltrate and seep through the ground.

Question 32

Evaporation

Answer 32

The sun heats liquid water which turns into a gas called water vapour.

Question 33

Condensation

Answer 33

The water vapour cools in the sky and turns back into liquid water.

Question 34

Precipitation

Answer 34

Rain, snow, sleet, etc...

Question 35

Surface run-off

Answer 35

Water sitting on the surface of the earth as it has not been infiltrated.

Question 36

Groundwater flow

Answer 36

Some water sinks into the rocks underground.

Question 37

Transpiration

Answer 37

Some water is used by plants and leaves and they let their water vapour back into the sky from their leaves.

Question 38

Erosion

Answer 38

The wearing away or removal of material from the side or bed of a river.

Question 39

Floodplane

Answer 39

The area either side of the river that could flood when the water level rises.

Question 40

source

Answer 40

The point from which the river starts.

Question 41

Mouth

Answer 41

The point where the river meets the sea.

Question 42

Meander

Answer 42

A bend in the river when the river erodes one side and deposits material on the other.

Question 43

Ox-bow lake

Answer 43

A cut off bend in the river that is now separate to the main river.

Question 44

Waterfall

Answer 44

An area where water flows over The edge of the rock (formed when the rive erodes softer rock).

Question 45

Abrasion

Answer 45

Sand and pebbles in a river get dragged along the river bed, wearing away the channel.

Question 46

Attrition

Answer 46

Rocks and stones within the river knock together and wear each other away.

Question 47

Corrosion

Answer 47

Water dissolves minerals from the river bed and banks.

Question 48

Hydraulic action

Answer 48

Fast flowing water pushes air into the cracks and the sheer force of this erodes the river bed.

Question 49

Solution

Answer 49

Minerals are dissolved in the water and carried along in solution.

Question 50

Suspension

Answer 50

Fine, light material is carried along in the water.

Question 51

Saltation

Answer 51

Small pebbles and stones are bounced along the river bed.

Question 52

Traction

Answer 52

Large boulders and rocks are rolled along river bed.

Question 53

What causes a river to flood?

Answer 53

-Impermeable rock -Snow melt -Saturated soil -Steep slopes -Deforestation -Urban areas -Heavy rainfall -Dams

Question 54

Conservative (Transform) plate boundary

Answer 54

Occurs when plates slide past each other. This can be in opposite direction or in the same direction, but at different speeds.

Question 55

Convergent (Destructive) plate boundary

Answer 55

Occurs when two plates move towards each other.

Question 56

Divergent (Constructive) plate boundary

Answer 56

Occurs when two plates move away from each other. This is usually under the ocean so as the lava cools, it creates new ocean surface.

Question 57

Epicentre

Answer 57

The point directly above the focus. It is the first point on the Earth’s surface, which shakes first, therefore most damage usually happens there.

Question 58

Geological time

Answer 58

A timescale of the Earth’s history split up into large chunks called periods and smaller ones called epoch. An example of a period is the Jurassic. We live in the Quaternary period.

Question 59

Igneous rocks

Answer 59

These are formed by molten rock which cools and hardens either below or above the surface. Examples include Granite.

Question 60

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 60

These rocks are changed by heat and pressure. Examples include, marble and slate.

Question 61

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 61

These are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material. Together, all these particles are called sediment. Examples include limestone and sandstone.

Question 62

Plate boundary

Answer 62

The point at which two or more tectonic plates meet.

Question 63

Primary effects

Answer 63

Impacts of an event which happen immediately. For example, the ground shaking, buildings collapsing, the ground splitting.

Question 64

Secondary effects

Answer 64

Impacts of an event that happen as a result of the primary effects. For example, tsunamis gas leaks, power outages and water contamination.