year 8 end of year test

Question 1

Morally significant-

Answer 1

They involve right and wrong

Question 2

Morally neutral-

Answer 2

Does not involve questions of right and wrong

Question 3

Moral agent-

Answer 3

An intelligent creature that is capable of free choice

Question 4

Deontological approach-

Answer 4

There are absolute rules that should be followed at all times. We have a duty to follow these rules in all situations.

Question 5

Consequentialist approach-

Answer 5

Only the consequences determine whether an action is good or bad. What we should do depends on the situation. There are no fixed rules.

Question 6

Virtue-

Answer 6

An ‘excellence of character’. It is a habit that we can learn to develop.

Question 7

Examples of virtues-
(5)

Answer 7

1. Honesty
2. Generosity
3. Courage
4. Faithfulness
5. Self-control

Question 8

Bible-

Answer 8

The holy book for Christians

Question 9

Church-

Answer 9

The hierarchy of the Christian religion

Question 10

Christian moral principles-
(6)

Answer 10

1. Do not steal
2. Do not kill
3. Do not lie
4. The Golden Rule- ‘treat others as you wish to be treated’
5. ‘Love your neighbour as yourself’
6. Stand up for the weak, the poor and the excluded (taken from the example set by Jesus)

Question 11

Agape love-

Answer 11

Universal love for all humankind

Question 12

Sacrificial love-

Answer 12

Doing things for others even if it may be detrimental to ourselves

Question 13

Humanism-

Answer 13

An approach to life based on humanity and reason. Humanists do not believe in God.

Question 14

Non-religious theory-

Answer 14

Does not rely on God/sacred writings to determine what is right. We can work out what we should do through reason.

Question 15

Consequentialist theory-

Answer 15

Suggests the outcomes of the action is what makes it right or wrong.

Question 16

Utilitarianism-

Answer 16

The greatest happiness for the greatest number

Question 17

Absolute poverty-

Answer 17

Severe deprivation of basic human needs

Question 18

Relative poverty-

Answer 18

Lacking the minimum amount of income required to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which you live

Question 19

Peter Singer-

Answer 19

Drowning child analogy

Question 20

Garrett Hardin-

Answer 20

Lifeboat analogy

Question 21

Environment-

Answer 21

The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives; the natural world.

Question 22

Pollution-

Answer 22

Something that contaminates the environment and has a harmful effect.

Question 23

Creation-

Answer 23

The belief that the Earth was deliberately created by God.

Question 24

Dominion-

Answer 24

Control over or responsibility for the earth.

Question 25

Stewardship-

Answer 25

Looking after something so that it can be passed on to the next generation.

Question 26

6 uses of animals-

Answer 26

1. Food
2. Clothing
3. Experimentation
4. Hunting
5. Entertainment
6. Pets