Year 9 Exams Dna Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the genome
An organisms complete set of DNA
Who first discovered DNA
Rosalind Franklind, Francis crick, James Watson, Maurice Wilkins
Cloning
A technique that is used to make exact genetic copies of living things
Genetic engineering
This is the process of which an organisms genes are altered normally to make a more desirable characteristic or organism
Selective breeding
This is a process that humans chose which animals in the same species with desirable characteristics breed with each other in order to do something better
Example of selective breeding?
Chickens that produce larger eggs. Cows that have more flesh. Cows that produce lots of milk. Wheat that produces more grain
Examples of genetic engineering?
Onions that do not make you cry. Faster growing trees. Corn that cannot be eaten by bugs
How many genes make up a human
23,000
Name the 4 bases of DNA, atcg
Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
What is a gene
Small section of Dna that codes for a specific characteristic
What are pairs of genes that you inherit from your parents called
Allels
How many chromosomes do we have
23 pairs, 46
How is genetic information stored in an organism
In the DNA molecules
How was the structure of DNa discovered
Through using xray crystallography
