Year 9 term 1

Question 1

Structure of particles in a solid?

Answer 1

Tightly packed with strong forces of attraction

Question 2

Freezing in a liquid

describe the movement of particles

Answer 2

Particles have less KE so they slow down gaining a stronger force of attraction becoming solid

Question 3

Opposite of sublimation

Answer 3

Deposition

Question 4

An example of a substance that can undergo sublimation is….

Answer 4

CO2

Question 5

Opposite of boiling

Answer 5

Condensing

Question 6

Particles in a liquid move —– than in a gas

Answer 6

slower

Question 7

Outline an investigation to find the solubility of something at 40 degrees

Answer 7

1. weigh a petridish
2. in a test tube, add water and Potassium nitrate(a volume which is slightly more than the saturated requirements so excess falls to the bottom) and a thermometer
3. Place the test tube in a water bath and heat the water bath
4. Turn off the heat and Cool to 40 degrees
5. pour some of the solution into a petridish, taking caution that none of the extra solute falls in.
6. Find the mass of the petridish with the solution
7. Heat the petridish over a beaker to remove the solvent
8. Weigh the petridish with the remaining solute.

Question 8

Formula for solubility

Answer 8

Solubility = (mass of solute/mass of solvent)x100

Question 9

Define a compound

Answer 9

Elements chemically bonded

Question 9

Defien a mixture

Answer 9

Elements that are not chemically bonded and be seperated physically.

Question 10

2 properties of a compound

Answer 10

• The proportions are always the same(example: FeS always has the same ratio)
• The properties change(example: After FeS react, they’re properties change, Fe is not just a metal and S is not just a non-metal.)

Question 11

2 properties of a mixture

Answer 11

• Have no fixed ratio(example: mixing any amount of Fe with any amount of S)
• Elements present still have the same properties

Question 12

Impurities affect the —– —- and —– —– of an element

Answer 12

Melting point and Boiling point

Question 13

Apparatus for filtration

Answer 13

• Funnel
• filter paper
• Beaker

Question 14

Apparatus for cystalisation

Answer 14

• Basin/dish
• Heat source
• Glass rod
• Tripod
• Gauze

Question 15

—- is what is left in the filter paper after filtration

Answer 15

Residue

Question 16

—– is what is in the beaker after filtration

Answer 16

Filtrate

Question 17

Method of seperation of 2 solids in a solution, but one of the solids is not soluble.

Answer 17

Filter the solution, the residue is one the solids, Crystalize the filtrate, then filter the remains of the petridish to attain the second solid

Question 18

Describe how to carry out crytalization

Answer 18

1) Heat the solution in a basin over gauze and a tripod
2) The solvent starts to evaporate
3) Dip a glass rod into the solution, if a cloudy substance if forming a top, remove heat.
4) Allow to cool
5) Filter remaing solution so solvent is removed
6) dry crystals in an oven or outside.

Question 19

Outline a method to carry out chromotography

Answer 19

1. On a piece of paper, draw a line in pencil 1 cm from the bottom
2. Drop a spot mixture of dies i=on the line
3. allow spot to dry, place in beaker
4. fill a beaker with a small volume of solvent(enoguh so it does nto come in contact witht the line or spot)
5. Add a lid to prevent evaporation
6. Remove paper after a period of time. Mark a solvent front
7. Let the solvent evaporate off the paper

Question 20

chromotography

Name 2 ways dyes can differ from one another

Answer 20

1. Different affinities for the paper
2. Different solubilities.

Question 21

Retardation Formula

Answer 21

Rf= distance of the spot from the pencil line/ distance of solvent front from the pencil line

Question 22

What does the period tell us in a periodic table

Answer 22

the number of shells

Question 23

Metals form —- oxides

Answer 23

basic

Question 24

Non-metals form ---- oxides

Answer 24

Acidic

Question 25

Properties of metals

Answer 25

- High MPand BP - Malleabla - Shiny - Ductile - Good conductors of heat and electricity - Form ionic compounds - Positive ions

Question 26

properties of non-metals

Answer 26

- Low MP and BP - Brittle - Not shiny - Poor conductors - Form ionic and covalent bonds - Negative ions

Question 27

Define suspension

Answer 27

The extra solid in a solution that sinks to the bottom due to gravity

Question 28

Define heterogeneous mixture

Answer 28

A mixture of 2 or more compounds that are physically seperate

Question 29

define a saturated solution

Answer 29

A solution with the maximum dissolvable solute.

Question 30

The solubility increase when --- increases

Answer 30

temperature

Question 31

Defien a molecule

Answer 31

2 or more atoms chemically bonded, e.g:O2 ## Footnote A compound is 2 DIFFERENT atoms chemically bonded.

Question 32

Defien a mobile phase

Answer 32

a gas or liquid that carries the component

Question 33

FInd solubility of substance

Answer 33

- 4 cm of distilled water in test tube - add 2.6g ammonium chloride - heat and stir tube in hot water bath until dissolved - move to ice bagth with thermometer - allow crystals to form and rec temperature - add 1 cm to cool tube and dissolve crystals - repeat cooling process again - until 10 cm

Question 34

# chromortogrophy lid

Answer 34

can poisob hor solvent loss

Question 35

i filtered CaSO4 from HCl, lit filtrate why brick red

Answer 35

come Caas soluble and unreacted

Question 36

dry substance

Answer 36

from wash+dry

Question 37

# chromotog ice distance means....

Answer 37

inc solubility

Question 38

sol w/ solv

Answer 38

and solu

Question 39

pen tube

Answer 39

XPLOSION

Question 40

FeCl3

Answer 40

iron(**III**)chloride

Question 41

sumns dissolving in hcl

Answer 41

it becoming smaller and dissappearing boo

Question 42

AS v inc

Answer 42

c dec

Question 43

i know excess as

Answer 43

no more bubbles/fizzing/effervescence/gas given off OR solid/zinc carbonate can be seen in the beaker OR the solid/zinc carbonate stops disappearing/dissolving OR a suspension (of zinc carbonate) forms OR the liquid turns cloudy

Question 44

hy u forgor??

Answer 44

leave to crystallise / leave until crystals form

Question 45

why heat

Answer 45

inc react rate

Question 46

# precipitation why filter

Answer 46

remove excess solid

Question 47

why cool in crystalization

Answer 47

- crystals less soluble in cold so form - ionic lattice forms in cold(as breaks/not formed in hot)

Question 48

chromo complete?

Answer 48

place paper in beaker/container/solvent/water solvent level below spots/starting line leave until solvent/water/liquid AND rises/reaches (near) top (of paper) / solvent (front) reaches level shown OR leave until dyes/spots separate (allow to) dry / cover/seal container

Question 49

# y ethanol

Answer 49

the (orange) colouring dissolves in ethanol / does not dissolve in water OR the (orange) colouring is more soluble in ethanol (than water) OR ethanol is a better solvent (than water)

Question 50

orange chromo

Answer 50

red and yellow

Question 51

why chromo show safe

Answer 51

line up/match/correspond with/travel same distance(s) as / have same Rf values as AND SR and SG/safe colourings/red and green colourings

Question 52

chromo wrong spot?

Answer 52

M2 - the spots do not line up (with any of the blue, red or yellow spots) M2 dependant on M1 b the colours do not match (with any one of blue, red or yellow) the spots are not the same (as those for blue, red or yellow)

Question 53

isotope abundance srap

Answer 53

Ar=[(%abundancexmas)+(%abundancexmas)]/100

Question 54

KS molten?

Answer 54

electricity as ions to odes

Question 55

x has 31 protons in g3, z in g 5

Answer 55

33 Z is two places/columns/groups/positions after X OR Z is in Group 5 and X is in Group 3

Question 56

capatity of shell 3 and 4

Answer 56

18 and 32 smh

Question 57

# why is H20 and not H2O2 made when H burns in O

Answer 57

Formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is less likely to occur in a combustion reaction because it requires a different set of conditions and a different reaction pathway. W

Question 58

# pure water

Answer 58

(add to) anhydrous/white copper(II) sulfate M2 turns bluemeasure/determine the density M2 1 g/cm3

Question 59

k and cl and k

Question 60

NaBr colour

Answer 60

colourless stupid