Yorkshire Flashcards
(24 cards)
When did the rebellion take place and for how long?
May 1489
Under one month
Where was the rebellion confined to and why was this significant?
Yorkshire - a region with Yorkist sympathies
What was the main cause?
Henry VII’s demands for money
What was a subsidiary cause?
The poor harvest of 1488 increased the degree of poverty in Yorkshire
Who led the rebellion?
First led by Robert Chamber, a yeoman of York, and later by Sir John Egremont, a bastard member of the Percy family
What demonstrated that the consequences weren’t significant?
There were some salutary executions, but Egremont made his peace with Henry and later received several manors from him
What did Henry VII recognise?
That the north remained Yorkist in sentiment
What did Henry VII do in response that prevented further trouble?
Appointed the Earl of Surrey as his Lieutenant: Surrey had no vested interests in the North and his loyalty was guaranteed because the restoration of his estates rested on his success here
Why was the threat low?
Limited support
No influential leadership
No march south
Give three reasons why the rebellion succeeded:
The subsidy was both unpopular and difficult to collect
There was a concern that the north needed to be handled carefully to prevent further trouble
The lack of a prominent leader limited any chance that the rebellion would become more widespread but made it easier for Henry to treat the rebels leniently
What limited the rebels?
Weren’t organised: no manifesto or demands were issued
What did Fletcher & McCulloch argue?
That Henry was ‘unfamiliar with the careful compromises and structures of consent on which English government rested’
What did Henry VII do that caused the rebellion?
When Brittany was threatened by France, Henry decided to send aid and Parliament granted Henry a subsidy of £100,000 to fund the expedition
Why was there widespread resistance?
It was raised in the form of an income tax
How much had Henry VII received and what did this demonstrate?
Only £27,000
The scale of opposition and the increased pressure to collect from Yorkshire
Why was this subsidy different?
When previous taxes had been raised, the north had generally been excused from the need to pay
What did Henry VII do that firmly centralised control?
Established the Tudor’s Council of the North
Why was Yorkshire so angered by the subsidy?
Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmorland were all made exempt from the tax because they were expected to defend the country from the Scots
What did the Earl of Northumberland do and what happened to him?
Put the rebel’s case to the King
He was placed in charge of leading a commission to decide on its collection in the North but was killed by a group of rebels led by Robert Chamber
What did the rebels do?
Wrote asking for a royal pardon, but this was denied
What was Henry VII’s response and what was the consequence?
Sent an army of 8000, led by the Earl of Surrey
Rebels dispersed as it approached
What did Henry VII do following the rebellion?
Travelled to issue a pardon as a gesture of reconciliation
What did Henry VII no longer face?
Trouble in the north
