You and you're genes Flashcards
(20 cards)
Variation
Differences between individuals of the same species.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
Molecules that code for genetic information and make up chromosomes.
Gene
A small section of DNA of a chromosome that determines a particular characteristic.
Chromosome
A long molecule found in the nucleus of all cells containing DNA.
Nucleus
The control centre of a cell, containing DNA.
Protein
Large organic compounds made of amino acids.
Allele
An alternative form of a particular gene.
Homozygous
When a pair of alleles for a characteristic are the same.
Heterozygous
When a pair of alleles for a characteristic are different.
Genotype
The genetic make-up of an organism
Phenotype
The characteristics shown by an individual.
Sex-determining region Y
A sex-determining gene on the Y chromosome in humans and other primates.
Huntington’s disease
A hereditary, degenerative disorder of the central nervous system.
Cystic fibrosis
A recessive hereditary disorder that mainly affects the lungs and digestive system.
Fetus
An unborn human/animal baby.
Clone
An organism genetically identical to the parent.
Asexual reproduction
New offspring are reproduced that are identical to the parent.
Stem cell.
A cell of a human embryo or adult bone marrow that has the ability to differentiate.
Embryonic stem cell
A cell able to differentiate, originating from an embryo cell.
Adult stem cell
A cell able to differentiate, originating from an adult cell
