Yr9 Bioligy Flashcards
(23 cards)
Gene
Section of DNA that codes for a particular trait
or characteristic.
Allele
A different form of a gene that codes for a different version of a characteristic.
Genotype
A description of the pair of alleles present for a characteristic.
Phenotype
The physical expression of the alleles.
Homozygeous is means…
A Pair of alleles that produce characteristics that are the same, e.g. HH.
Heterozygous means…
A Pair of alleles that produce characteristics that are different, e.g. Hh.
Dominant means…
The allele that is represented by a capital letter e.g Gg, GG
Recessive means…
An allele that is represented by a small letter e.g hh
A clone is…
A clone is an organism that is genetically identical to its parent
What is DNA?
DNA is a complex molecule that contains all of the information necessary to build and maintain an organism. All living things have DNA within their cells.
The recessive allele is always the corrosponding small letter
gg= Recessive
Cells contain a…
Nucleus
Nucleus contain…
Chromosomes
Chromosomes made up of thin threads are called…
DNA
DNA have sections that are called…
Genes
Genes control your…
Characteristics
Polydactyly is…
When you have more than 5 fingers
Cystic fybrosis is when…
A person with cystic fybrosis has thicker mucus than normal, leading to a blockage in the lungs making it harder to breath.
Cystic fibrosis is reccesive
Selectively breading is when you…
Decide which characteristics are the most important. For example, the farmer wishes to selectively breed sheep that produce large, good quality fleeces.
Cloning in plants
The two ways a plant can be cloned are : cutting or tissue cultures.
What are the pros and cons of selectively breeding
Cons : your animals or plants can get inbred so they are more prone to disease.
Pros : you will get your desired characteristics.
Genetic engineering is…
A technique for changing the genetic information of a cell.
Transgenic means…
Transgenic means that one or more DNA sequences from another species have been introduced by artificial means. Transgenic plants can be made by introducing foreign DNA into a variety of different tissues.
