Yusei Ikai Round 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is Inorganic Chemistry?
The branch of chemistry that deals with inorganic compounds, typically those that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.
Studying compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O) falls under inorganic chemistry.
What is a Cation?
A positively charged ion, formed when an atom loses electrons.
Sodium (Na⁺) is a cation in sodium chloride (NaCl).
What is an Anion?
A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom gains electrons.
Chloride (Cl⁻) is an anion in sodium chloride (NaCl).
What is an Oxidation State?
A number indicating how many electrons an atom gains or loses in a bond.
In H₂O, oxygen has an oxidation state of -2 and hydrogen +1.
What is Electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
Fluorine has the highest electronegativity in the periodic table.
What is a Coordination Compound?
A compound where a central metal atom is bonded to surrounding ligands.
[Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is a coordination compound.
What is a Ligand?
A molecule or ion that binds to a central metal atom in a coordination complex.
Water (H₂O) is a ligand in many metal complexes.
What is a Crystal Lattice?
A 3D arrangement of atoms or ions in a structured, repeating pattern.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) forms a crystal lattice.
What is a Covalent Network Solid?
A solid made of atoms connected by covalent bonds in a continuous network.
Diamond is a covalent network solid made entirely of carbon atoms.
What is a Salt?
An ionic compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt formed by HCl and NaOH.
What is a Precipitate?
A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction.
Silver chloride (AgCl) precipitates from AgNO₃ and NaCl.
What is Hydration?
The process by which water molecules surround ions or molecules.
Na⁺ ions are hydrated by water molecules in an aqueous solution.
What is an Acid-Base Reaction?
A chemical reaction where an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt.
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O.
What is Chelation?
The process where a ligand forms multiple bonds with a single central metal ion.
EDTA is a chelating agent that binds to calcium ions.
What is a Transition Metal?
Elements in the d-block of the periodic table, often forming multiple oxidation states.
Iron (Fe) is a transition metal, commonly found as Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺.
What is an Inert Gas (Noble Gas)?
A gas that is non-reactive due to having a full valence electron shell.
Helium (He) is an inert gas.
What is Inorganic Chemistry in Japanese?
無機化学
What is a Cation in Japanese?
カチオン
What is an Anion in Japanese?
アニオン
What is Oxidation State in Japanese?
酸化数
What is Electronegativity in Japanese?
電気陰性度
What is a Coordination Compound in Japanese?
配位化合物
What is a Ligand in Japanese?
配位子
What is Crystal Lattice in Japanese?
結晶格子
