zambia case study (development) Flashcards
which stage is zambia currently?
stage 3 (take off)
why have they been held back?
global price of copper and life expectancy falling.
cases of HIV/AIDS and debt rising
does zambia fit rostow’s model?
zambia follows a zig zag pattern rather than a straight line of development
why does zambia’s development travel in a zig zag pattern?
Rostow’s model is too simple, linear and eurocentric
In what ways does zambia fit Rostow’s model?
- zambia began in the traditional society
- this meant they had an income from farming
- they then reached stage 2 of pre - conditions for take off
- this is from the help of an investment from China for the copper industry
- money was also borrowed from the world bank to help build the Kariba Dam
- Zambia then reached stage 3 because it was allowed to take off
In what ways does Zambia not follow Rostow’s model?
- zambia was stuck in stage 3 of take off
- because of the global price fluctuations for copper which was zambia’s main source of income
- increase of AIDS/HIV meant workers were unable to export copper to other countries due to feeling unwell
- debt from other countries which they were unable to pay back because of not gaining an income from the copper industry .
- zambia has not made it to the drive of maturity for these reasons.
what global connections influence its development?
- North Luanga national park
- victoria falls
- zambezi river (largest waterfall in africa)
Why do global connections influence zambia’s development?
- attracts tourists
-> money - build hotels nearby and souvenir shops
-> more money (another source of income)
what are the main trade links with zambia?
TNC’s like ABF (Associated British Foods)
China (Non Ferrous Metals Corporation)
Copper (70% of international trade)
Why is relying on the copper industry a problem and a benefit for zambia?
Copper industry fluctuates
(1970 - 2000 causing economic decline in the country such as debt and development slowed)
but when in good production, they make lots of money (2000 +)
chambishi mine
how many jobs created
how many jobs created
Why has China Non Ferrous metal corporation invested in zambia?
In 1998 CNFMC bought the largest copper mine in zambia and invested millions of dollars to improve it.
Over 500 chinese companies now invest in zambia, it makes it easier for landlocked zambia to export its resources and import goods.
3500 jobs created
China invested in the Chambishi mine which was closed for 13 years prior to china buying it because china is the largest consumer for copper.
they did this to create a positive multiplier effect.
- 3500 jobs
- made more money
- spend money on services such as education and healthcare
- helps zambia reach millennium development goals
what does the term Trans National Corporation mean?
a business that operates in more than one country
who is the TNC Associated British Foods and what do they make / sell?
they are the UK’s largest food and drink manufacturers
it provides jobson its plantations and sugar processing factories
GDP of zambia was $19 billion in 2020
Revenue of ABF was $14 billion in 2020
they could afford to pay tax
5% of children underweight
large TNCs don’t have to pay tax due to job creation
but tax would be beneficial for healthcare and education
what is an example of a top down development project?
The Kariba Dam
what is the definition of top down development?
Large scale schemes funded and carried out by the government or international organisations
