Zoo Chapters 3-4

Question 1

Any plane passing through the center of the body divides it into two mirrored equivalent halves

Answer 1

Spherical Symmetry

Question 2

can be divided into similar halves by more than two planes passing through one main axis

Answer 2

radial symmetry

Question 3

can be divided along one plane into two mirrored right/left halves

Answer 3

bilateral symmetry

Question 4

circular body plan that can be divided into 5 equal parts

Answer 4

pentardial symmetry

Question 5

false body cavity. There is a cavity but its not lined with mesoderm

Answer 5

pseudocoelomate bilateria

Question 6

animal whos anus is formed from the blastosphere of a blastula

Answer 6

Deuterostome

Question 7

the third gem layer, formed in the gastrula between ectoderm and endoderm. Gives rise to connective tissues , muscle, urogenital and vascular systems, and the peritoneum.

Answer 7

Mesoderm

Question 8

Mesoderm buds from archenteron forms cavity

Answer 8

Entercocoelous

Question 9

repeating segments

Answer 9

Metamerism

Question 10

Front

Answer 10

anterior

Question 11

back

Answer 11

posterior

Question 12

pertaining to the back, back area

Answer 12

dorsal

Question 13

body

Answer 13

ventral

Question 14

midline

Answer 14

medial

Question 15

away from the midline

Answer 15

lateral

Question 16

nearer to the origin of the body part of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 16

Proximal

Question 17

combination of radial and bilateral symmetry. Each 4 sides are identical to the opposite side but different from the adjacent side.

Answer 17

Biradial symmetry

Question 18

pertaining to any part of a structure farthest from midline of the body or base of attachment

Answer 18

distal

Question 19

pertaining to the breast or chest

Answer 19

pectoral

Question 20

pertaining to the pelvis

Answer 20

pelvic

Question 21

divided into dorsal/ventral halves

Answer 21

saggital plane

Question 22

characteristics that arose later in the group. Characteristics that are usually a result of evolution by Natural Selection.

Answer 22

Derived character

Question 23

the grouping of organisms based on the presence of physical features called characters

Answer 23

cladistics

Question 24

a branching diagram that represents organsims in terms of nested hierarchies of clades within clades

Answer 24

cladogram

Question 25

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, speces

Answer 25

hierarchial categories

Question 26

created taxonomy

Answer 26

Linneaus

Question 27

The body cavity in triploblastic animals, lined with mesodermal peritoneum

Answer 27

coelom

Question 28

without a coelom

Answer 28

Acoelomate (flatworms)

Question 29

innermost gem layer of an embryo, forming the primitive gut; also may refer to tissues derived from endoderm

Answer 29

endoderm

Question 30

a member of the group prostomia

Answer 30

protostome

Question 31

characteristics that were present in common ancestor

Answer 31

ancestral characters

Question 32

group of organisms species that share derived characters

Answer 32

clade

Question 33

having a distinct fixed set of features or characteristics usually has a type of specimen identified that represents the ideal morphology for the species. Serves as a guide to general morphologies one might expect in that species

Answer 33

typological species concept

Question 34

includes the most recent common ancestor of the group and some, but not all descendants of that ancestor

Answer 34

Paraphyletic

Question 35

does not include the most recent ancestor of all member of a group. Has to include at least two seperate evolutionary origins

Answer 35

polyphyletic

Question 36

species that has vast geographic ranges or world wide distribution. ex. orcas in every ocean

Answer 36

cosmopolitan

Question 37

species with very restricted geographies distrubutions. Fnches, long toed salmander,

Answer 37

endemic

Question 38

hierarchical system with major categories, errands into taxonomies ranks with nclusiveness into previous group

Answer 38

taxa (taxon)

Question 39

2 words naming system, (Latin or Greek) 1st letter is capital. Written in italic

Answer 39

Binomial Nomenclature

Question 40

the evolutionary process by which specialization became localized in the head end of animals.

Answer 40

Cephalization

Question 41

a diagram whose brances represent evolutionary lineages, depicts the common descent of species or higher taxa

Answer 41

phylogenetic tree

Question 42

ordering of species into a series of increasngly more inclusive clades according to the taxonomic distribution of synapomorphies

Answer 42

Nested Hierarchy

Question 43

organism or species that has the fewest of the derived characters

Answer 43

outgroup

Question 44

includes the most recent common ancestor of the goup and all of the descendants of that ancestor

Answer 44

Monophyletic

Question 45

the relationship between a pair of species or higher taxa that are each others closet phylogenetic relatives

Answer 45

sister group (sister Taxon)

Question 46

a reproductive community of populations (reproductively isolated form others) that occupies a specific niche in nature

Answer 46

biological species concept

Question 47

True coelom, forms within the mesoderm and is completely lines with mesoderm

Answer 47

Eucoelomate Bilateria