Zoology Lab Exam 2

Question 1

Multicellular animals are classified in the clade…

Answer 1

Metazoa

Question 2

Metazoa falls under the level of the Kingdom…

Answer 2

Animalia

Question 3

Kingdom animalia falls under the Domain…

Answer 3

Eukarya

Question 4

What is a more tradition phylogeny based on animal morphology?

Answer 4

Embryology

Question 5

What is a more modern phylogeny based on animal morphology?

Answer 5

Molecular (genetic) evidence

Question 6

Sponges were formerly phylum…

Answer 6

Porifera

Question 7

Sponges are actually classified in group

Answer 7

Parazoa

Question 8

What does para mean?

Answer 8

Beside

Question 9

What does the group Eumetazoa include?

Answer 9

All the other animals

Question 10

How can we further classify the group Eumetazoa?

Answer 10

By physical characteristics

Question 11

How can we classify by physical characteristics?

Answer 11

Symmetry

Question 12

Radial symmetry

Answer 12

Parts arranged around central axis, squid upsidedown

Question 13

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 13

Right and left halves are identical, turtle, dorsal/ventral

Question 14

What types of symmetry are involved with the number of tissue layers?

Answer 14

Radial and Bilateral

Question 15

What are the three basic tissue types in developing embryos that give rise to all the other structures in the body?

Answer 15

Ecto, Meso, Endo

Question 16

What does dermis mean?

Answer 16

Tissue

Question 17

From the clade Bilateria how can we further group?

Answer 17

Pattern of embryological development (Protostome(mouth forms from embryonic opening)/Deuterostome(anus forms embryonic opening)

Question 18

Diploblastic

Answer 18

Animals with only two tissue layers (endo and ecto)

Question 19

Why are sponges not considered to have those tissue types?

Answer 19

That’s why they are grouped beside all these other animals, Parazoa

Question 20

What characters are used by both traditional and modern phylogenies?

Answer 20

Tissue layer, embryological development, symmetry

Question 21

What two new groups can protostomes be divided into?

Answer 21

Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa

Question 22

What would be placed in the Lophotrochozoa group?

Answer 22

phyla Playhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca
-LARVAL STAGE (trochophore)
&DNA seq shared by all

Question 23

What would be placed in the Ecdysozoa group?

Answer 23

phyla Arthropoda and Nematoda
-MOLTING (ecdysis)
shedding outer body cover
->cuticle of nematodes 
->exoskeleton of arthropods

Question 24

Types of Symmetry

Answer 24

Bilateral, Radial, None

Question 25

Types of Tissue

Answer 25

Lack of true tissue, triploblastic, Diploblastic

Question 26

Types of Body Cavity (TRIPLOBLASTIC ONLY) | Coelom=space between outer body and digestive cavity/tube

Answer 26

Acoelomate- no body cavity, mesoderm fills cavity Pseudocoelomate- fluid filled cavity BETWEEN ENDoderm lining digestive tube and mesoderm Eucoelomate(Coelomate)- digestive tube WITHIN layer of MESOderm, mesoderm lines bodycavity

Question 27

What is the digestive track opening?

Answer 27

food enters, waste leaves, separate mouth and separate anus (two openings)

Question 28

Types of circulatory system

Answer 28

Closed: circulatory fluid CONTAINED within vessels Open: circulatory fluid FLOWING in coelomic areas

Question 29

Types of habitat

Answer 29

Aquatic (Freshwater/marine), Terrestrial

Question 30

Gas Exchange

Answer 30

exchange O and CO2 w/ environ some have specialized structures/organs some do not

Question 31

Excretion

Answer 31

Specialized structures/ organs

Question 32

Locomotion

Answer 32

how animal moves around in environment

Question 33

Structural Support

Answer 33

``` Fluid (hydrostatic skeleton) Internal Skeleton (endoskeleton) External Skeleton (exoskeleton) ```

Question 34

Segmentation

Answer 34

some modified for different functions (eg. specialization )

Question 35

Nervous System

Answer 35

brain/cord present, arrangment of nerves? any sensory organs/structures? Purpose?

Question 36

What does porifera mean?

Answer 36

pore-bearing