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Zoology Unit 3-4 > Zoology unit 3 > Flashcards

Zoology unit 3 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

3 major parts of the cell theory

A

*all organisms are composed of one or more cell
*all cells come from preexisting cells
*the cell is the basic unit of structure

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2
Q

Referred to living cells called animalcules

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

Came up with the name cells

A

Robert Hooke

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4
Q

Determined all animals are made of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

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5
Q

Stated all cells come from preexisting cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

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6
Q

First invented microscope

A

Zacharias Janssen

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7
Q

Single-celled organisms thay does not have a nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

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8
Q

Peptidoglycan in cell walls, cannot survive in extreme environments, bacteria & cyanobacteria

A

Eubacteria

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9
Q

No peptidoglycan in cell walls, live in extreme environments, Thermophiles, halophiles, methanogens

A

Archaebacteria

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10
Q

More complex with nucleus where the genetic material (DNA) is stored

A

Eukaryotes

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11
Q

Largest cell in the human body about 100 microns

A

Female egg

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12
Q

Specialized structure in cells that perform specific function

A

Organelles

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13
Q

Jelly like substance that holds organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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14
Q

Serves as an external cell barrier and acts in transport of substances into or out of the cell

A

Plasma membrane

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15
Q

Cenro region between nuclear and plasma membrane

A

Cytoplasm

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16
Q

Site of aerobic respiration and atp synthesis, powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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17
Q

Membranous system enclosing a cavity, the tunnel, and coiling through the cytoplasm

A

Rough ER

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18
Q

Sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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19
Q

Site of lipid abd steroid (cholesterol) synthesis, lipid metabolism

A

Smooth ER

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20
Q

Stack of flattened membrane and associated vesicles close to ER

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A

Golgi Apparatus

21
Q

Membranous sacs containing hydrolases

22
Q

Cylindrical structure made of tubulin protein

23
Q

Fine filaments composed of protein actin

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A

Microfilaments

24
Q

Paired cylindrical bodies, each composed of nine triplets of microtubules

25
Largest organelle
Nucleus
26
Double membrane structure pierced by large pores
Nuclear envelope
27
Site of ribosomes subunit manufacture
Nucleolus
28
Dna constitutes the gene, which carry instructions for building perfume
Chromatin
29
Increase surface area for absorption
Microvilli
30
Short cell-surface projection
Cilia
31
Propels the cell
Flagellum
32
The series of changes a cell goes through from one time it is form until it divides
Cell life cycle
33
Longer phase of the cell cycle
Interphase
34
The cell is metabolically active
G1
35
Dna is replicated ensuring that the two future cells will receive identical copies of the genetic material
Synthesis
36
Enzymes and other proteins needed for division are synthesized and move to their proper sites
G2
37
Each body (somatic) contains
46 chromosomes
38
Sperm and egg (gametes) contain
23 chromosomes
39
Division in somatic (body) cells. Forms two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. Diploid
Mitosis
40
Division in sex cells (gametes: sperm & egg). Forms four daughter cells that are not identical to the parent cell. Haploid
Meiosis
41
Two strands of chromosomes that are genetically identical
Chromatid
42
Where two chromatids are connected
Centromere
43
Energy used by all cells
ATP
44
NAD+ traps electrons from glucose
NADH
45
FAD+ stores energy
FADH2
46
Splitting of sugar
Glycolysis
47
Requires oxygen (Aerobic)
Krebs cycle
48
Located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Electron transport chain

Zoology Unit 3-4 (2 decks)

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