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Microbiology > . > Flashcards

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1
Q

Is developed after you receive antibodies from someone or somewhere else

A

Passive acquired immunity

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2
Q

It’s when you receive antibodies produce outside the body rather than by your own immune system

A

Passive acquired immunity

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3
Q

During intrauterine life transmission of antibodies from the mother to the fetus can occur through the

A

Placenta - Natural Passive immunity

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4
Q

What is the antibody for placentas

A

IgG

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5
Q

Colostrum contains secretory ______ which are not destroyed by the poorly developed digestive systems

A

IgA and IgM

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6
Q

It occurs when infant receive antibodies from their mothers

A

Natural passive acquired immunity

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7
Q

Are examples of how maternal antibodies are passed on to babies before and after their birth

A

The mother’s placenta and breast milk

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8
Q

Refers to the original productions of antibodies in some other individuals in the acquisition of this antibodies through the parenteral route

A

Artificial passive acquired immunity

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9
Q

This antibody containing preparation is called an

A

Antiserum

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10
Q

Give me examples of artificial passive immunity

A

Rabies vaccine and snake anti-Venom

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11
Q

Immunity develop after being exposed to an infection or from getting a vaccine

A

Active immunity

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12
Q

Antibodies made after exposure to an infection

A

Natural active acquired immunity

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13
Q

Antibodies made after getting a vaccination

A

Artificial active acquired immunity

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14
Q

Immunity you acquire from someone or something else

A

Passive acquired immunity

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15
Q

Antibodies transmitted from mother to baby example is mother’s milk

A

Natural passive acquired immunity

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16
Q

Antibodies acquired from an immune serum medicine

A

Artificial passive acquired immunity

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17
Q

Are a major factor in phagocytic specific defense

A

Phagocytic cells

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18
Q

The tissue factors may be divided into two

A

Humoral factors and cellular factors

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19
Q

What are the eight humoral factors

A

Lysozyme, properdin, beta lysin, and basic polypeptides, c reactive proteins, bactericidin, complement, non specific hyaluronidase inhibitors

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20
Q

A bactericidal enzyme found in nasal and intestinal secretion, seminal fluid and lacrimal secretion

A

Lysozyme

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21
Q

A euglobulin present in normal serum. It is not an antibody and its level remains constant in newborn and elderly individuals in both sexes

A

Properdin

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22
Q

A relatively thermostat will stop stances active against anthrax bacillus. it is liberated from platelets during clotting

A

Beta lysin

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23
Q

Are bacteri kiddle substances active at high pH 7-8 they act upon cell walls causing cell disintegration

A

Basic polypeptides

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24
Q

What are the three cellular factors

A

Phagocytosis, inflammatory response, and Fever

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25
Q

Natural defense against invasion of blood and tissues by bacteria or other foreign particles is mediated by phagocytic cells which ingest and destroy them

A

Phagocytosis

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26
Q

A complex series of events that is a part of the response of all multicellular organisms to the introduction into their tissues of living and non-living foreign agents

A

Inflammatory response

27
Q

Is the process by which cells engulf and digest particles

A

Phagocytosis

28
Q

There are five cardinal signs of acute inflammation

A

Redness
swelling
pain
heat
loss of function

29
Q

Redness physiological rationale

A

Rubor - increase blood flow

30
Q

Swelling physiological rationale

A

Tumor - exudation of fluid

31
Q

Heat physiological rationale

A

Calor - increased blood flow

32
Q

Pain physiological rationale

A

Dolor - Stretching of pain receptors and nerves

33
Q

Loss of function physiological rationality

A

Functio laesa - pain, disruption of tissue structure

34
Q

A natural defense mechanism

A

Fever

35
Q

It may actually destroy the infecting organism

A

Fe fever

36
Q

Stimulates the production of interferon and helps in recovery from virus infections

A

Fever

37
Q

Stimulation of production of a group of substances is called

A

Colony stimulating factor CSF

38
Q

Are a group of plasma proteins that serves as non-specific host resistance of factors and may also function to aid tissue repair

A

Induction of acute phase reactants

39
Q

Immunity based on antibodies

A

Humoral immunity

40
Q

Produced by a b subset of lymphocytes

A

Humoral immunity

41
Q

The most formidable type of immunity

A

Humoral immunity

42
Q

What are the key features of adaptive humoral immunity

A

Antigen specificity
clonal selection
clonal expansion
clonal suppression and formation of memory cells
antibodies

43
Q

A complex process that is based mainly upon thymus dependent lymphocytes called Tcells

A

Cell mediated immunity

44
Q

Protects against intracellular microorganisms such as viruses and is important in the rejection of organ transplants and tumor cells

A

Cell mediated immunity

45
Q

Two subpopulation of t cells

A

T helper cells and T cytotoxic cells

46
Q

A type of T cells that provides help to other cells in the immune response by recognizing foreign antigens and secreting cytokinesis that activate t and b cells

A

Helper T cells

47
Q

Antigens are presented by macrophages debdritic cells and neutrophils

A

Helper T cells

48
Q

Secret cytokinesis the regulate other cells in the immune system and present antigens to b cells

A

Helper T cells

49
Q

A type of immune cell that can kill certain cells including foreign cells cancer cells and cells infected with a virus

A

Cytotoxic T cells

50
Q

Antigens are presented by virus infected cells and tumor cells

A

Cytotoxic T cells

51
Q

The specific reactivity induced in hosts by antigenic stimulus may be beneficial harmful or non-reactive

A

Immune response

52
Q

To responses of our body to the pathogens

A

Primary response and secondary response

53
Q

Initial antigenic stimulus is slow sluggish short-lived with the long lag face and low antibody deter that does not persist for a long time

A

Primary response

54
Q

Primary immune response and antigenic stimulus

A

Latent period
Rise in titer of serum antibody
steady state of antibody titer
decline of antibody titer

55
Q

This response only for IgM antibody

A

Primary response

56
Q

Is prompt powerful prolonged in with much higher levels of antibody it lasts for a long time

A

Secondary response

57
Q

This response formed are what antibodies

A

IgG

58
Q

If a vaccinated person encounters infection later in life the memory b cells and T cells fight off the infection rapidly and in heightened response thus giving ______

A

Protection

59
Q

In some vaccine the blank does not provide needed immunity and that immunity may begin to wear off after a certain period

A

First dose or the primary response

60
Q

These non specific substance appear in the blood of a person with tissue necrosis and inflammation

A

C reactive proteins

61
Q

Play an important role in the resolution of inflammatory response

A

C reactive proteins

62
Q

A non specific serum factor active against neisseria streptococcus hemolyticus

A

Bactericidin

63
Q

A thermostable substance present in serum and tissue fluid. It enhances phagocytosis and kills most gram negative bacteria

A

Complement

64
Q

Heat liable and require magnesium ions for their activity

A

Non specific hyaluronidase inhibitors

Microbiology (13 decks)

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