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Medicine > 00 F1 Endo > Flashcards

00 F1 Endo Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

HCO3- normal values

A

24-30

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2
Q

Hypophophataemia
Modest v severe
Range and tx

A

Modest : 0.4-0.75
— Sandophos TT TDS
Severe :

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3
Q

Hypophosphataemia

Sx

A

ATP and CNS
Myopathy
Seizures
Paraesthesia

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4
Q

Equivalent doses steroids

A

Dex: 2
Pred: 20
Hydrocortisone: 100

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5
Q

Consider addisons if Morning cortisol in hospital under x

A

Under 400

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6
Q

Sick days on addisons

A

Double steroid dose

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7
Q

Hypoglycaemia

Severity levels

A

Hypoglycaemia

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8
Q

Hyponatraemia severity

A

Mild 130-135
Moderate 120-130
Severe

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9
Q

Classify hyponatraemia

A

Volume status
And
Urinary sodium : inappropriate? Addisons, diuretic, renal ds, hypothyroid, siADH

? Pseudo hyponatraemia

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10
Q

Pseudo hyponatraemia

A

Glucose
Lipid
Para protein

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11
Q

Signs fluid status

A 
CRT
Skin turgor
BP - lying standing
JVP
Mucus membranes - thirst 
HS
Edema / ascites
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12
Q

Urinary sodium in

Hyponatraemia

A

Appropriate 20

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13
Q

pCO2 normal values

A

4.5-6 kpa

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14
Q

Tx addisonian crises

A

100mg hydrocortisone

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15
Q

Low TSH, normal T4

A

Sub clinical thyrotoxicosis

Excessive thyroxine replacement

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16
Q

Low T4, low/normal TSH

A

Sick euthyroid

- starvation, severe illness

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17
Q

MEN1

A

PPP
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Pituitary

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18
Q

MEN2

A

PTP
Parathyroid
Thyroid
Phaeochromocytoma

B + marfinoid

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19
Q

Contents cavernous sinus

A

CN 3-6
V ophthalmic division only
Internal carotid artery

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20
Q

Causes Cushing syndrome

A

Steroids
Pituitary adenoma
Ectopic ACTH
Adrenal Ca

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21
Q

Dex suppression outcomes

Study These Flashcards
A

Full suppression - physiological
Some - pituitary
No - ectopic ACTH or adrenal Ca

22
Q

Causes addisons ds

Study These Flashcards
A

Autoimmune
Malignancy
TB
Infarction - post meningitis

23
Q

DM complications

Study These Flashcards
A 
Microvascular
- eye, kidney, nerves
Macro
- IHD, CVA, PVD
Infx
Skin and MSK
24
Q

DM neuropathy Sx

Study These Flashcards
A 
Pain
Postural hypotension
Gastro paresis
Diarrhoea, constipation
Incontinence x2
Impotence
25
DM amyotrophy Sx
Painful weakness | Wasting quadriceps
26
Tx addisonian crises
100mg hydrocortisone
27
Low TSH, normal T4
Sub clinical thyrotoxicosis | Excessive thyroxine replacement
28
Low T4, low/normal TSH
Sick euthyroid | - starvation, severe illness
29
MEN1
PPP Parathyroid Pancreas Pituitary
30
MEN2
PTP Parathyroid Thyroid Phaeochromocytoma B + marfinoid
31
Contents cavernous sinus
CN 3-6 V ophthalmic division only Internal carotid artery
32
Causes Cushing syndrome
Steroids Pituitary adenoma Ectopic ACTH Adrenal Ca
33
Dex suppression outcomes
Full suppression - physiological Some - pituitary No - ectopic ACTH or adrenal Ca
34
Causes addisons ds
Autoimmune Malignancy TB Infarction - post meningitis
35
DM complications
``` Microvascular - eye, kidney, nerves Macro - IHD, CVA, PVD Infx Skin and MSK ```
36
DM neuropathy Sx
``` Pain Postural hypotension Gastro paresis Diarrhoea, constipation Incontinence x2 Impotence ```
37
DM amyotrophy Sx
Painful weakness | Wasting quadriceps
38
Unexplained weight loss
Good appetite - DM, thyrotoxicosis, malabsorption (coeliac) Poor appetite - ca, chronic ds, anaemia, psych
39
Causes Obesity
Overeating Cushings Hypothyroid
40
Thready pulse
Rapid low volume | Dehydration
41
Causes bradycardia
B blocker Heart block Hypothyroid Raised ICP
42
Causes of Bigeminy or trigeminy
Digoxin toxicity
43
Pulsus alternans
LVF | SVT
44
Endocrine causes HTN
Cushings Conns Phaechromocytoma Acromegaly
45
Types shock
Hypovolaemia Cardiogenic Septic Neurogenic
46
Causes of Raised JVP
``` Overload R HF Arrhythmia Pericardial ds Jugular vein ob ```
47
Gallop rhythm
S3+S4 | Severe HF
48
Severity HF : extra HS
S3 - HF | S3+S4 - severe HF
49
Comp infx endocarditis
Embolic Mycotic aneurysm Rupture of valve causing HF
50
Stop statin if ALT >
> 3x Upper limit | ~150

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