03.06 Obstruction in Adults Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

Most common site for unqualified intestinal obstruction

A

Small bowel

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2
Q

Second most common site for unqualified intestinal obstruction

A

Left side of the colon

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3
Q

Most common cause of obstruction

A

Post-operative adhesions

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4
Q

Second most common cause of obstruction

A

Hernia

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5
Q

Most common cause of intraluminal obstruction

A

Tumor

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6
Q

Intraluminal obstruction may also be caused by constrictions

Part of the stomach sliding up to the esophageal hiatus due to intra-abdominal pressure and a negative thoracic pressure

A

Hiatal hernia

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7
Q

Caused by a defect in the mesentery segments of the bowel, insinuating itself into the different false internal areas

A

Volvulus

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8
Q

Fecal material may be lodged in the weakened colonic wall causing _____

A

Diverticulitis

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9
Q

Congenital problem
Failure of de-rotation, the stomach and duodenum pulls the cecum through adhesive band, preventing it from going to the proper place and causing obstruction

A

Malrotation

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10
Q

Single bubble sign in chest x-ray

A

Hypertrophied pyloric ring

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11
Q

Segment of the bowel telescopes into another segment

A

Intussusception

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12
Q

Clinical condition of GIT where normal transmission is impeded so that products of digestion are prevented from exiting.
Urgent management is needed

A

Intestinal obstruction

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13
Q

Adhesion is proximal to the ligament of Treitz, there is ____

A

No abdominal distention

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14
Q

If the IO is distal to the D2 segment of the duodenum, there is ____ vomitus

A

Bilious

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15
Q

If the IO is proximal to the D2 segment of the duodenum, it is _____

A

Nonbilious

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16
Q

Most common conditions of mechanical IO

A

Adhesions
Malignancy
Hernia

17
Q

Etiologies can range from derangement of sympathetic and parasympathetic control of the GIT, surgical trauma, and electrolyte imbalance

A

Functional IO

18
Q

Distention of colon due to obstruction usually caused by defect in sympathetic nerve supply

A

Ogilvie’s syndrome

19
Q

What type of loop obstructions are surgical emergencies

20
Q

Distal tumor blocking and a competent ileocecal valve

21
Q

Proximal bowel dilatation alters the:

A

GI motility
Mucosal lining
Absorptive capacity of the intestines

22
Q

Distention proximal to obstruction is produced by

23
Q

Most important reference in terms of level of obstruction

A

Ligament of Treitz

24
Q

Melena is black, sticky stool associated with bleeding in ____
Bezoar
Hyponatremia and hypochloremia

A

Proximal upper gut

25
Succus entericus Fecaloid if obstruction is distal Tenderness due to marked distention Hypokalemia and hyponatremia
Distal lower gut
26
Dx of IO
Air fluid levels Ileus Endoscopy (intraluminal obstruction)
27
Associated conditions of IO
Dehydration, electrolyte, malnutrition and sepsis
28
Sequelae of IO
Necrosis Rupture/perforation Peritonitis Sepsis