1+2-Scientific Method and Food

Question 1

Hypothesis

Answer 1

educated guess based on observations

Question 2

scientific method

Answer 2

process of investigation in which problems are identified and their suggested explanations are tested bu carrying out experiments

Question 3

theory

Answer 3

hypothesis supported by many experiments

Question 4

principle

Answer 4

arises from a theory that has shown to be valid when fully tested over a long period of time

Question 5

double blind

Answer 5

both investigator and participant are unaware of treatment participant is receiving

Question 6

ethics

Answer 6

whether a conduct is right or wrong

Question 7

metabolism

Answer 7

sum of all chemical reactions

Question 8

continuity of life

Answer 8

way in which living things arise from living things of the same type

Question 9

functions of food (3)

Answer 9

growth and repair
energy
make chemicals needed for metabolic reactions

Question 10

biomolecules

Answer 10

chemicals made inside a living thing eg protein,lipids,carbs,vitamins)

Question 11

glucose chemical formula

Answer 11

c6h12o6

Question 12

anabolic reaction

Answer 12

use energy to convert smaller molecules into larger molecules e.g. cellulose from glucose

Question 13

catabolic reactions

Answer 13

release energy when a complex molecule is broken down into simpler form e.g. respiration

Question 14

6 common elements

Answer 14

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen
sulphur
phosphorus

Question 15

5 dissolved salts

Answer 15

magnesium
sodium
chlorine
potassium
calcium

Question 16

3 trace elements

Answer 16

iron
copper
zinc

Question 17

monosaccharides

Answer 17

single sugar units
soluble
sweet
e.g. glucose 
gives energy
found in fruit sweets etc

Question 18

disaccharides

Answer 18

sweet
soluble
2 monosaccharides joined together
e.g. maltose=glucose+glucose

Question 19

polysaccharides

Answer 19

insoluble
unsweet
many monosaccharides joined together
e.g. starch

Question 20

structural role of carbs

Answer 20

form plant cell walls

Question 21

metabolic role of carbs

Answer 21

energy store in all plants (starch)

broken down in respiration to release energy (glucose)

Question 22

peptide
polypeptide
protein

Answer 22

peptide less than 20
polypeptide less than 200
protein more than 200

Question 23

fobrous protein

Answer 23

little folding
long fibres
strong
e.g. keratin in nails

Question 24

globular protein

Answer 24

lots folding
rounded shapes
e.g. enzymes

Question 25

structuarl role of protein

Answer 25

fibrous proteins e.g. keratin in nails

Question 26

matobolic role of protein

Answer 26

proteins used as enzymes control metabolic reactions

antibodies fight infections

Question 27

why is water essential

Answer 27

metabolic reactions
basis for transport systems
many organisms live in water

Question 28

water and photosynthesis

Answer 28

water used to supply hydrogen ions and electrons

Question 29

water and respiration

Answer 29

water formed as end product

Question 30

water and digestion

Answer 30

water needed to break down food