1- Animal Tissues

Question 1

when the zygote undergoes a series of mitotic divisions

Answer 1

cleavage

Question 2

hollow structure formed from further cell division

Answer 2

blastula

Question 3

type of cleavage: complete cleavage, less yolk
(sea urchins, frogs, mammals)

Answer 3

holoblastic cleavage

Question 4

type of cleavage: incomplete cleavage due to large amounts of yolk (insects, birds, fish, reptiles)

Answer 4

meroblastic cleavage

Question 5

blastula folds in on itself to form 3 layers of cells

Answer 5

gastrulation

Question 6

formed from gastrulation

Answer 6

gastrula

Question 7

3 layers called from gastrulation

Answer 7

germ layers

Question 8

formation of different organs of the body via differentiation of the germ layers

Answer 8

organogenesis

Question 9

covers internal and external surfaces in an animal’s body; major tissue in glands

Answer 9

epithelial tissue

Question 10

provide connection and support; cells are suspended in an intercellular substance or matrix that ranged from fluid to fibrous, to calcified

Answer 10

connective tissue

Question 11

types of connective tissue: usually connects several tissues together (muscular to epithelial)

Answer 11

loose fibrous

Question 12

types of connective tissue: usually connects or attaches muscles and bones (tendons, ligaments)

Answer 12

dense fibrous

Question 13

types of connective tissue:
- modified loose fibrous tissue
- mostly bubble like fat cells grouped together
- nuclei disposed to the side

Answer 13

adipose

Question 14

types of connective tissue:
- contained in spaces called lacunae
- cells are spaced apart but may be arranged in groups of two or four

Answer 14

cartilage

Question 15

types of connective tissue:
- matrix of collagen fibers and mineral deposits
- also contained in lacunae interconnected by canals called canaliculi

Answer 15

bone/ osseous tissue

Question 16

types of connective tissue: several cell types suspended in a fluid matrix (plasma)

Answer 16

blood

Question 17

• spherical biconcave in humans
• oval in frogs and toads w a nucleus at the center

Answer 17

red blood cells

Question 18

type of white blood cell: lobulated nucleus and fine granules that stain neutral

Answer 18

neutrophil

Question 19

type of white blood cell: lobulated nucleus and granules that stain bluish black

Answer 19

basophil

Question 20

type of white blood cell: lobulated nucleus and granules which stain red

Answer 20

eosinophil

Question 21

spherical nucleus which occupies almost the entire cell. non-granular cytoplasm

Answer 21

lymphocyte

Question 22

type of white blood cell: kidney or bean shaped nucleus. non-granular cytoplasm

Answer 22

monocyte

Question 23

• appear like blue-violet dots
• cell fragments in mammal blood; nucleated cells w pointed ends in other vertebrates

Answer 23

platelets

Question 24

tissues that contract or cause motion in the organism or its internal organs

Answer 24

muscular tissues

Question 25

type of muscular tissue: - attached to the skeletal system - fusiform, multinucleated cells arranged in bundles - cytoplasm has bands or cross-striations

Answer 25

skeletal/striated

Question 26

type of muscular tissue: - found in visceral organs and blood vessels - fusiform, uninucleated cells that form sheets or layers

Answer 26

smooth

Question 27

type of muscular tissue: - found in the heart - fusiform, uninucleated cells arranged in bundles - tissue appears to be branched - cross-striations present but not as distinct - dark lines called intercalated discs intersect cell bundles

Answer 27

cardiac

Question 28

consists of nerve cells and cellular processes plus supporting cells

Answer 28

nervous tissue

Question 29

2 cellular processes of nervous tissue:

Answer 29

axon- single, long process dendrite- short, highly branched