1. Computer Systyms Flashcards
(26 cards)
The number of measurements per second in digital technology
Sampling rate
When analog information is converted to a digital format by breaking it into pieces, we say it has been
Digitized
A single binary digit is called a
But
The ____ of a number system tells us he many digits we have to work with and what is the place value of each digit in a number
Base value
Why do modern computers use binary numbers
The devices that store and move information are less expensive and more reliable if they have to represent only one of two possible values
N bits can represent how many unique items?
2^N
Ultimately, representing information on a computer boils down to what two things
The number of items and now those items are mapped to binary values
Main memory is made up of a series of small, connected _____ ______
Memory locations
Each memory location has a unique number called an ________\
Address
When data is stored in a memory location, what does it do to any information that was stored at that location?
It overwrites and destroys it
This is the total number of bytes a device can hold
Storage capacity
How does a large main memory allow large programs, or several programs, to run?
They don’t have to get information from secondary memory as often
Main memory is usually _______, meaning that the information stored in it will be lost if it’s electric power supply is turned off
Volatile
Secondary memory decided are usually ______, meaning the information is saved even if the power supply is turned off
Nonvolatile
What is the cache used for
It is used by the CPU to reduce the average access time to instructions and data
A hard disk is a ___ ___ ___ since the read/write head can move, in general, directly to the information needed
Direct access device
RAM
Random access memory; main memory; read-write memory: data can be both written to it and read from it
ROM
Read only memory
Information that cannot be changed; often used to provide instructions needed when the computer is initially turned on
The Java program language allows software to be easily _____ and _____ via the web
Exchanged; executed
6 steps of problem solving
- Understand the problem
- Breaking the problem into manageable pieces
- Designing a solution
- Considering alternatives to the solution and refining the solution
- Implementing the solution
- Testing the solution and fixing any problems
What is the purpose of writing a program?
To solve a problem
A _________ defines a set of rules that determine exactly how a programmer can combine the words and symbols of the language into programming statements
Programming language
The instructions that are carried out when the program is executed
Programming statements
A group of programming statements that are given a name
Method
