1 - DNA and RNA Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is a nucleotide made from?
- Deoxyribose sugar
- Phosphate
- Nitrogenous base
What bonds link nucleotides?
Phosphodiester
Why is DNA in a double helix structure?
Hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs. Adenine and thymine form 2 hydrogen bonds. Cytosine and guanine form 3 hydrogen bonds
Why is DNA stable?
Sugar phosphate backbone and double helix
Why is DNA double stranded?
So replication occurs and each strand can act as a template
Why does DNA have weak H bonds?
Easy strand separation during replication
Why is DNA large?
To carry lots of information
Why does DNA have complementary base pairing?
Allows identical copies to be made
What is RNA made out of?
Ribose
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate
What are the RNA bases?
Adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil
What is the function of RNA?
Copy and transfer the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes
What does DNA code for?
Sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of the protein which determines 3D structure and function of the protein
Structure of mRNA?
- Single stranded
- Codons
- Short
Structure of tRNA? (4)
- Single stranded
- Clover leaf shape held by hydrogen bonds
- Amino acid binding site
- Anticodon
What is the function of rRNA?
Combines with protein to mike ribosomes
