1. Fundamentals Of Neuroscience: CNS Structure - JV

Question 0

PNS components

Answer 0

Spinal nerves, cranial nerves, ganglia

Question 1

CNS components

Answer 1

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 2

Major subdivisions of CNS

Answer 2

Cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon
Brain stem and cerebellum
Spinal cord

Question 3

The 4 fluid filled ventricles in the brain?

The hollow inside tube of the brain

Answer 3

2 lateral ventricles
1 third ventricle
1 fourth ventricle

Question 4

The hollow tube in the spinal cord

Answer 4

Central canal

Question 5

What fills the ventricles and hollow tube space?

Answer 5

CSF

Question 6

1. What is CSF?
2. Where is it produced?
3. What primarily produces it?
4. What is it’s main function?

Answer 6

1. Cerebrospinal Fluid
2. Ventricles of the brain
3. Choroid Plexus
4. Protects and cushions the brain
   NB - it mainly circulates through the ventricles and around the brain

Question 7

What is the function of the many folds in the cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 7

To increase the surface area of the cortex, allowing for the many process we perform

Question 8

What are the bulges/ridges of the cortex called?

Answer 8

Gyri

Question 9

What are the valleys/grooves of the cortex called?

Answer 9

Sulci

Question 10

How many lobes does each cerebral hemisphere contain?

Answer 10

4 major, but a 5th one also exists

1. Frontal
2. Parietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipital
5. Insula

Question 11

The central sulcus…

Answer 11

separates frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

Question 12

What cortical landmark separates the frontal and parietal lobes?

Answer 12

Central sulcus

Question 13

The lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure)…

Answer 13

separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 14

What cortical landmark separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes? (give both names)

Answer 14

The lateral sulcus

i.e. the sylvian fissure

Question 15

1. What is the 5th lobe of the brain?
2. How do you access it?
3. What do you see to know you’re looking at it?

Answer 15

1. the Insula
2. Pry open the lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure)
3. You will see the gyri of the insula

Question 16

Although uncertain, what is the insula thought to participate in?

Answer 16

Olfaction (smell), gustation (taste), limbic functions such emotions like happiness, anger, and fear

Question 17

Brodmann’s areas contain approximately how many distinct regions?

Answer 17

52

Question 18

The cerebral cortex can be classified into what 2 main regions?

Answer 18

Primary cortex and associative cortex

Question 19

The primary cortical regions consist of what?

Answer 19

Primary sensory regions directly receiving sensory input, and
Primary motor regions directly controlling/instructing lower motor neurons

Question 20

What general function to associative cortical regions do?

Answer 20

Process and integrate information from one or more primary cortical regions

Question 21

The associative cortex can be divided into 2 types…

Answer 21

Unimodal and heteromodal

Question 23

What is the function of the unimodal associative cortical region?

Answer 23

receive input from a single primary cortical region

Question 24

What is the function of the hetermodal associative cortex?

Answer 24

functions require integration of abstract sensory and motor information together with motivational and emotional influences

Question 25

What associative cortical region receives input from a single primary cortex?

Answer 25

Unimodal

Question 26

What associative cortical region's functions require integration of abstract sensory and motor information with motivational and emotional influences?

Answer 26

Heteromodal

Question 27

What cortex region directly receives sensory information or directly instructs lower motor neurons?

Answer 27

Primary cortex

Question 28

Where is the primary motor cortex located anatomically?

Answer 28

Just rostral (anterior) to the central sulcus

Question 29

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located anatomically?

Answer 29

Just caudal (posterior) to the central sulcus

Question 30

The primary auditory cortex is located where anatomically?

Answer 30

In the lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure)

Question 31

The primary visual cortex is located where? | in what lobe

Answer 31

The occipital lobe

Question 32

The brodmann number(s) for the primary motor cortex is (are)?

Answer 32

4

Question 33

The brodmann number(s) for the primary somatosensory cortex is(are)?

Answer 33

3, 1, 2

Question 34

The brodmann number(s) for the primary visual cortex is(are)?

Answer 34

17

Question 35

The brodmann number(s) for the primary auditory cortex is(are)?

Answer 35

41, 42

Question 36

What is somatotropy?

Answer 36

The orderly representation of "body parts" in the cortex | - different regions of cortex effect different parts of the body (and to different degrees)