1 - Legrow - Childhood Flashcards
(27 cards)
Toddlerhood Developmental Stages (1-3)
Freud
Erikson
Piaget
Freud - Anal
Erikson - Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Piaget - Sensorimotor/Preoperational
Toddlerhood: Major Developmental Changes
Language
Toilet training
Sense of self
Motor skills
Don’t understand negative consequences of their actions
Language:
Phonology
Semantics
Grammar
Phonology: Structure and sequence of speech sounds
Semantics: Meaning of words/combinations
Grammar: Order, Syntax
Pragmatics
Rules for appropriate and effective communication
- Turn taking, eye contact, needs of listener
Autism Spectrum disorder identifier
When do babies begin to understand words?
Middle of first year
When does the language explosion occur?
How many exposures does it take to learn?
What is a toddler’s total vocab?
Between 18 and 24 months
One exposure
50 word vocabulary
How many words does a normal two year old know?
What type of speech do they use?
Several hundred
Two word, telegraphic speech
“More Milk”
- Short messages
Cognitive Development: 12-18 Months
Explore objects in novel ways
Early problems solving
Search for hidden objects
Make believe play
Deferred imitation
Cognitive Development: 24-36 months
Beginning of perspective taking
Egocentric:
Not understanding perspective of someone not there, e.g. on phone
Magical beliefs
Motor Development:
12-24
24-26
12-24:
Walking
Scribbling
UP stairs
24-36:
Toilet Training
Pushes riding toys
Motor Development:
3-5
Alternate feet up stairs, throws and catches with trap, pedals/steers tricyle
Motor Development
4-6
Alternating feet down stairs
smooth running
Throws/catches fluidly
Rides bike tricycle smooth
Language Development
Preschool (3-6)
Improved pronounciation
Make up words (Bird-Horse)
Conversational strategies
Cognitive Development
18-24 months
Make-believe play
2-category sorting
Cognitive Development
3-6 years
Understand make-believe play is representative
Reality based
complex schema combinations
Gender specific play, role playing (Fireman, Cop)
Social Development
0 - 1 years
Stable temperment
Crying = first communication, precursor to empathy
Imitate facial expresions
Social - Emotional Development
1-3 years
Self Conscious Emotions: Guilt, jealousy, envy
Empathy
Understand others have feelings
Vocab of feeling words
Social Emotional Devlopment
3-6 years
Self-appraisal
Regulate emotions, fake emotions
Cause / Effect
Peers important
3-6 Years
Freud
Erikson
Piaget* (2-7)
Freud: Phallic - gender identity, same sex parent identification
Erikson: Initiative vs Guilt - make belive = role playing, ambition/responsibility
Piaget (2-7): Preoperation: Symbols, language, animism/egocentrisim
6-11 (School Age)
Freud
Erikson
Piaget
Freud: Latency Stage - social value, same-sex relationships
Erikson: Industry vs Inferiority - Work, evaluation of performance, peer relations/cooperation
Piaget: Concrete Operational - Logical reasoning, conservation, classify/organize
When is conservation understood?
7-11
Physical Development
6-11
Increased running, throttling
Handwriting
Language
6-11
10,000 words
Multiple meanings
Idioms
Irony, sarcasm, metalinguistic
Cognitive
6-11
Conservation
Reversibility, multiple categories, seriation
Spatial reasoning, cognitive maps
Organized
multi-step directions
Increased attention
