1 Lower Limb Clinical Anatomy Flashcards
Most common hip dislocation?
Why not the other way?
- posteriorly
- sitting
- abducted makes it worse as it can # the acetabulum
- Y shaped iliofemoral lig. is anterior and v. strong
Surface anatomy of sciatic nerve in hip?
- 1/3 down from PSIS to IT
- midpoint of greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity
Difference between mid point of inguinal lig. and mid inguinal point?
Mid point of inguinal ligament = 1/2way ASIS to pubic tubercle, inguinal ring
Mid inguinal point = 1/2way ASIS and pubic symphysis, femoral artery
Mid-Femoral shaft fracture displacement is most common in which direction?
Distal shaft moves posteromedially due to att. of adductor longus and magnus
Proximal shaft moves outwards and upwards due to att. of glut.s and iliopsoas
Overal shortening
Femoral shaft # treatment?
Intramedulllary nail
plates and screws won’t hold with weight bearing
Distal Femoral shaft # displacement is most common in which direction?
Gastrocnemius pulls distral fragment posteriorly which angulates it and can damage the popliteal artery
Housemaid’s knee?
Prepatellar bursitis
Clergyman’s knee?
Infrapatellar bursitis
In which direction does the patella normally dislocate? What stops it doing this normally?
Laterally.
- Vastus medialis attaches to the medial side and also to the medial tibia holding it in place
- Lateral epicondyle of the femur is higher (anteriorly) than the medial one, a hill it normally cannot slide over
Which nerve can be irritated by a cast pressing on the proximal fibula?
Common fibular nerve
Most common type of tibial #
Spiral
Describe the 3 degrees of ankle Pott’s #s
1st degree Pott’s: lateral melleolus #, talus shifted sideways
2nd degree Pott’s: lateral and medial malleolus #, more joint instability
3rd degree Pott’s: 2nd degree plus posterir tibial # and posterior talus movement
*all #s above associated with tears of ligaments
