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Bacte Lab (Prelims) > 1. Microscopy > Flashcards

1. Microscopy Flashcards

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1
Q

A field of science that is use to detect microorganisms from a microscope.

A

Microscopy

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2
Q

What do you called a rod shaped bacteria with purple coloration?

A

Gram positive bacilli

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3
Q

What do you call a round shaped bacteria with red/pinkish coloration

A

Gram-negative cocci

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4
Q

What objective lens is used to observe bacteria in a compound microscope

A

Oil-immersion objective lens

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5
Q

This is the extent to which detail in the magnified object is maintained

A

Resolution

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6
Q

It is the closest distance between two object that when magnified

A

Resolving power

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7
Q

It is the degree of enlargement

A

Magnification

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8
Q

This makes objects stand out from the background

A

Contrast

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9
Q

It is use to highlight a microorganisms that helps in differentiating from the others.

This also reduce the transparency of microorganisms under a micrscope

A

Staining technique

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10
Q

Alternative option to increase the contrast and resolution if staining technique is not an option

A

Reduce the microscope aperture diaphragm

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11
Q

A microscope that produces a DARK IMAGE against a LIGHTER BACKGROUND

A

Bright-field Microscope

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12
Q

A type of bright-field microscope that has only one lens which employs a concave mirror

A

Simple microscope

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13
Q

A type of bright-field microscope that employs 2 lenses, one plane mirror at one side and a concave mirror on the other.

This uses a series of lenses

A

Compound microscope

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14
Q

Part of a compound microscope that has fixed platform that provides a placement of a slide

A

Stage

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15
Q

A type of stage that can be move vertically and horizontally

A

Mechanical stage

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16
Q

A type of stage that is usually used in less sophisticated microscopes with no stage controls

A

Fixed stage

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the opening on the center of the stage?

A

allows passage of light

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18
Q

A shutter, controlled by a lever that is used to regulate the amount of light entering the lens system

Determines how much light will enter on the microscope

A

Iris Diaphragm

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19
Q

It is located below the stage and contains 2 sets of lenses that collect and concentrate light as it passes upward

A

Abbe Condenser

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20
Q

It houses the les system that magnifies the specimen

A

Body Tube

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21
Q

Where is Ocular lens located?

A

Eyepiece

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22
Q

It adjust the ocular lens

A

Diopter adjustment

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23
Q

Where is objective lens situated?

A

Revolving nose piece

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24
Q

What is the magnification of scanner

A

4X

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25
What is the magnification of low power objective lens
10X
26
What is the magnification of high powered lenses
40X
27
What is the magnification of oil immersion objective lens?
100X
28
What is the magnification of ocular lens
10X
29
The resolving power lens is dependent on the wavelength of light
True
30
What is the purpose of LPO?
To locate specimen and usually use to observe parasite and fungi
31
Is the function f the diameter of the objective lens in relation to its focal length
Numerical Aperture Wavelength RP = -------------------- 2 x numerical aperture
32
The shorter the wavelength, the greater the resolving power, true or false?
True
33
What reagent is use to clean the lenses?
Xylol
34
Why xylol cannot be use often?
It may loosen the lens
35
When will you put oil immersion on the slide?
Once you focused the low-powered lens
36
Should you rotate the objective lens slowely?
Yes, to fully immerse the OIO on the oil
37
What to wipe the lens on the microscope?
Lens paper
38
The use of xylol is to remove oil from the stage only?
True
39
A type of microscope that does not uses any dye or stain in viewing the microorganisms
Phase-contrast microscope
40
What specimen should you use in phase contrast microscope?
Wet mount (Urine and Vaginal sample)
41
In phase contrast microscope, an increase refractive index decreases the light intensity.
True
42
What dye is used in fluorescent microscope?
Fluorophores / Fluorochromes
43
Process by which the dyes raise energy to a higher level when absorbing ultraviolet light
Excitation
44
A process by which a dye molecules return to their normal state, lower energy state, they will release excess energy in a form of ?
Visible light This process called Fluorescence
45
What are the disadvantage of fluorescent microscope?
Photobleaching and Quenching
46
It is a chemical damage to the fluorochrome that results into loss of fluorescence
Photobleaching
47
It is a result of transfer of light energy to nearby molecules in a sample such as free radicals, salts of heavy metals or halogens
Quenching
48
A type of dyes that used to confirm the presence of bacteria in a blood culture when gram staining is difficult to interpret
Acridine orange
49
A fluorescent dye that can be use to determine mycolic acid
Auramine-Rhodamine
50
Use to detect chitin in a fungi
Calcofluor white
51
A type of microscope that light directly to the specimen and the background is dark
Dark-Field microscope
52
How does specimen is being hit on dark field microscope?
Oblique angle
53
A type of microscope Uses electrons to visualize small objects
Electron microscope
54
A type of Electron microscope that visualize internal structure of an object by passing the electron beam through it
Transmission electron microscope
55
A type of electron microscope that provides 3D surface view of an object
Scanning electron microscope
56
What is the magnification of Electron microscope
100,000,000x
57
If the oil immersion lens is gummy or tacky, what should you use to clean it?
Lens paper with xylol
58
How to remove xylol from the lens
95% alcohol
59
Most microscopes are ______, which means that when one lens is in focus, other lenses will also have the same focal length and can be rotated into position without further major adjustment
parfocal
60
It defined as erratic random movement of the microscopic particles in a fluid or in the wet mont
Brownian movement
61
What method or medium is best observe for motility?
Hanging drop preparation and wet mount
62
A type of movement that has a distinct movement of a bacteria and not random
True motility

Bacte Lab (Prelims) (7 decks)

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