1 - Networking Basics

Question 1

What kind of network can be used to connect and share data among devices that located within a very close proximity of each other?

Answer 1

PAN or Personal Area Network

Question 2

What type of networks are typically used for communications within a single group or organization and typically within a single building or site where buildings are within close proximity of each other?

Answer 2

LAN or Local Area Network

Question 3

What are two common tyes of LANs?

Answer 3

1. Ethernet

2. Token Ring

Question 4

What type of network can be used to connect multiple locations within the same city?

Answer 4

MAN or Metropolitan Area Network

Question 5

What type of network covers a large geographical area?

Answer 5

WAN or Wide Area Network

Question 6

What type of network is spread across multiple cities or even multiple countries

Answer 6

WAN or Wide Area Network

Question 7

What is an example of the largest WAN?

Answer 7

The internet

Question 8

How are computers typically connected through a WAN?

Answer 8

1. Leased Lines
2. Satellites
3. Public Networks

Question 9

What low-cost network is commonly used for telephone service?

Answer 9

PSTN or Public Switched Telephone Network

Question 10

What type of network is PSTN?

Answer 10

circuit-switched network

Question 11

What are dedicated circuits that are typically used as endpoint connections between sites?

Answer 11

leased lines

Question 12

Why are leased lines more expensive for ISPs to implement than switched circuits?

Answer 12

Because they are dedicated circuits

Question 13

What type of WAN technology is a cost-effective packet-switching technology?

Answer 13

Frame Relay

Question 14

What layers of the OSI model does Frame Relay operate at?

Answer 14

1. Physical Layer

2. Data Link Layer

Question 15

What type of WAN technology uses statistical multiplexing and variable frame size to ensure network access and efficient delivery?

Answer 15

Frame Relay

Question 16

How does Frame Relay allow multiple connections?

Answer 16

Virtual Circuits

Question 17

What is the typical type of service provided for Frame Relay?

Answer 17

T1

Question 18

What type of WAN technology is a high-speed packet-switching technology?

Answer 18

ATM or Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Question 19

What two WAN technologies use packet-switching technology?

Answer 19

1. Frame Relay

2. ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Question 20

Which WAN technology offers low bandwidth and high latency relative to other WAN technologies?

Answer 20

DSL or Digital Subscriber Line

Question 21

Is Cable internet packet-switched or cell switched?

Answer 21

Packet-switched

Question 22

With Cable internet service, where is there an analog signal?

Answer 22

Between the CMTS or cable modem termination system and the cable modem

Question 23

With cable internet service, where is there a digital signal?

Answer 23

Between the internet and the CMTS or cable modem termination system and between the cable modem and the LAN.

Question 24

Which WAN technology is cell switched?

Answer 24

ATM or Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Question 25

Which WAN technologies are packet-switched

Answer 25

1. Frame Relay 2. DSL or Digital Subscriber Line 3. Cable

Question 26

Which WAN technology is circuit switched?

Answer 26

PSTN or Public Switched Telephone Network

Question 27

How does a circuit switched technology like PSTN work?

Answer 27

A circuit is created between two points before transmission can occur, and is torn down after transmission is complete

Question 28

How does a cell switched technology like ATM work?

Answer 28

Cell switching is like packet switching, except the packet is set to a fixed length

Question 29

What network topology has a single man line to which all computers on the network are attached?

Answer 29

Bus topology

Question 30

What medium does BUS networks use?

Answer 30

Coax

Question 31

What are some disadvantages of Bus topologies?

Answer 31

1. limited cable length 2. limited number of hosts 3. Failure of the main cable affects every host on the network.

Question 32

What network topology has a central ring of cable to which all hosts on the network connect?

Answer 32

Ring topology

Question 33

How many hosts are each host connected to in a ring topology?

Answer 33

Each host connects to two hosts

Question 34

How many directions does the flow of traffic go in a Ring topology?

Answer 34

Single direction

Question 35

Does each node in a ring topology handle each packet and then pass it off to the next host?

Answer 35

True/Yes

Question 36

How many directions does the flow of traffic go in a Dual-Ring topology?

Answer 36

Two directions

Question 37

How does the dual-ring topology provide redundancy?

Answer 37

It provides redundancy only against cable damage, if a node goes down then both rings will go down.

Question 38

What is the most common network topology that is typically used with Ethernet networks?

Answer 38

Star topology

Question 39

What is the benefit to an extended star topology?

Answer 39

The ability to cover greater distances from the central switch to the end nodes

Question 40

Which network topology has each host connected to every other host on the network?

Answer 40

Full-mesh topology

Question 41

How does partial-mesh topology differ from full-mesh topology?

Answer 41

Each host is not connected to each other in a partial-mesh topology, but it is connected to some of the hosts providing a failsafe path

Question 42

What is physical topology?

Answer 42

Refers to the hardware structure of the network and how the devices and cables are physically arranged.

Question 43

What is logical topology?

Answer 43

Refers to the path the data follows as it moves around the network, without regard to how the hardware is physically configured.

Question 44

What type of device is a multiport physical repeater that is used primarily to connect end-user workstations?

Answer 44

Hub

Question 45

Where does a hub send frames that it receives?

Answer 45

It sends the frames out all ports except for the port it was received on

Question 46

What is a collision domain?

Answer 46

Network segment where collisions can occur when frames are sent among the devices on that network segment.

Question 47

Does a hub make forwarding decisions based on MAC addresses?

Answer 47

No

Question 48

What is CSMA/CD?

Answer 48

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. is used to mitigate collisions on a hub.

Question 49

What device can only operate at half duplex and why?

Answer 49

A hub can only operate at half duplex to use CSMA/CD for collision detection.

Question 50

What layer of the OSI model does a Hub operate at?

Answer 50

Physical layer

Question 51

Does a bridge use MAC addresses to forward frames?

Answer 51

Yes

Question 52

Can bridges be used to increase the number of broadcast domains?

Answer 52

No, it can be used to increase the number of collision domains

Question 53

Where are the collision domains on a switch?

Answer 53

Every switchport

Question 54

Where does a switch store its known MAC addresses?

Answer 54

in the CAM table or Content Addressable Memory

Question 55

What happens if the mac address is not in the CAM table?

Answer 55

The switch will broadcast it out all ports except the port it was received on

Question 56

What technology can be used to create separate broadcast domains on a switch?

Answer 56

VLANs or virtual local area networks

Question 57

What type of domains do routers separate?

Answer 57

broadcast domains

Question 58

What does a router base its path decisions on?

Answer 58

Logical addresses such as an IP address

Question 59

Where does the router store its IP address information?

Answer 59

In the routing table

Question 60

Where is the routing table stored?

Answer 60

In the TCAM or Ternaary Content Addressable Memory table

Question 61

Does the CAM and TCAM tables provide wire speed access?

Answer 61

Yes

Question 62

What is a difference between the CAM and TCAM tables?

Answer 62

CAM table can only provide exact matches, the TCAM table can provide nonexact matches

Question 63

What are two examples for having multiple TCAM tables?

Answer 63

1. ACLs or Access Control Lists | 2. QOS or Quality of Service policies

Question 64

What happens if a router receives a packet that is destined for a remote network that is not listed in the routing table, and neither a static default route or gateway of last resort has been configured?

Answer 64

The packet is dropped and an ICMP or Internet Control Message Protocol "Destination Unreachable" error message is sent to the interface from which the packet was received

Question 65

What are some examples of a Server network device?

Answer 65

1. File server 2. Domain server 3. Print server 4. DHCP server (Dynamic Host Configuration Server) 5. Web server 6. Proxy server

Question 66

What are some examples of a Host?

Answer 66

1. End user computer 2. Tablets 3. Laptops 4. Thin client

Question 67

What are two examples of physical media used in todays networks?

Answer 67

1. Copper | 2. Fiber

Question 68

What category rating is required to achieve 10BaseT?

Answer 68

Category 3

Question 69

What category rating is required to achieve 100BaseT

Answer 69

Category 5

Question 70

What category rating is required to achieve 1000BaseT

Answer 70

Category 5

Question 71

Why were coaxial cables replaced in todays modern networks?

Answer 71

Ethernet is low cost and high speed

Question 72

Does coax provide longer cable distances than UTP?

Answer 72

Yes

Question 73

What pins of an RJ-45 are used to transmit on 10BaseT and 100BaseT cabling schemes?

Answer 73

Pins 1 and 2

Question 74

What pins of an RJ-45 are used to recieve on 10BaseT and 100BaseT cabling schemes?

Answer 74

Pins 3 and 6

Question 75

Does Gigabit ethernet or 1000BaseT use all four pairs to transmit and receive data on?

Answer 75

Yes

Question 76

What TIA or Telecommunications Industry Association standard is compatible with ISDN or Integrated Services Digital Network cabling standards?

Answer 76

T568A

Question 77

Who created the T568B standard?

Answer 77

AT&T

Question 78

What standard uses green white and green for pairs 1 and 2 respectively?

Answer 78

T568A

Question 79

What standard uses orange white and orange for pairs 1 and 2 respectively?

Answer 79

T568B

Question 80

How is a crossover cable made?

Answer 80

By using both the T568A and T568B standards, one termination standard on each end of the cable

Question 81

What is a straight through cable?

Answer 81

A straight through cable uses the same standard on each end of the cable

Question 82

When do you use a crossover cable?

Answer 82

When you connect similar devices together, ie switch to switch or host pc to host pc

Question 83

When do you use a straight through cable?

Answer 83

When you connect dissimilar devices together, ie router to switch or switch to host pc

Question 84

How do you make a gigabit ethernet crossover cable?

Answer 84

You inverse the white orange and orange wires with the white green and green wires. Also, you will inverse the white blue and blue wires with the white brown brown wires

Question 85

What type of physical media is commonly found in the backbone?

Answer 85

Fiber-optics

Question 86

What are some advantages of Fiber-Optics cable?

Answer 86

1. Greater distances over UTP 2. Greater bandwidth 3. Not susceptible to RFI or EMI interferences

Question 87

What is an RF signal?

Answer 87

Electrical signal that is sent over the air

Question 88

What type of LAN uses RF signals to transmit data between devices?

Answer 88

Wireless LAN