1. Object and branches of pharmacology. Connection with other sciences Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the definition of pharmacology?
Pharmacology comes from the Greek term “pharmakon”.
It is the branch of medicine that looks at the study of how drugs affect biological systems and how the body responds to drugs
What are the 2 main branches of pharmacology?
The 2 main branches of pharmacology are pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
What is the definition of pharmacokinetics?
Pharmacokinetics is the branch of pharmacology that focuses on how drugs move throughout the body. Pharmacokinetics focuses on the distribution, absorption, metabolization and elimination of a drug
What is the definition of pharmacodynamics?
Pharmacodynamics is the study of how a drug affects the body. Pharmacodynamics focuses on a drugs effects and its mechanism of action
What are the different branches of pharmacology?
Clinical pharmacology
Medical pharmacology
Pharmacogenetics
Toxicology
What is clinical pharmacology?
Clinical pharmacology studies the effects of drugs in humans. Clinical pharmacology focuses on how safe and effective drugs are and how they can affect different factors such as age or genetics
What is medical pharmacology?
Medical pharmacology is the study of drugs and their use in preventing, diagnosing and treating diseases. Medical pharmacology focuses on understanding drug actions and applying this to medical practice
What is pharmacogenetics?
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a persons genetics affects their response to drugs
What is toxicology?
Toxicology is the study of the harmful effects caused by chemicals or drugs in the body
Who are some notable historical figures in pharmacology?
Claudius Galen
Theophrastus von Hohenheim
Johann Jakob Wepfer
Robert Boyle
Who was Claudius Galen?
Claudius Galen was the first to consider the theoretical background of pharmacology. He also created different methods to make liquid forms of drugs
Who was Theophrastus von Hohenheim?
Theophrastus von Hohenheim questioned doctrines that were handed down from antiquity and wanted to know the knowledge behind active ingredients in prescribed remedies
Who was Johann Jakob Wepfer?
Johann Jakob Wepfer was the first to verify through animal experiments, statements about pharmacological and toxcological actions
Who was Robert Boyle?
Robert Boyle created the “Collection of Choice Remedies” and recommended the use of human urine in the diagnostics and treatment of diseases
What is a crude drug?
A crude drug is a raw, natural substance– that is unprocessed or has a minimally processed form (ie: drying or grinding) and is used for medical purposes
Where do crude drugs come from?
Crude drugs usually come from plants, animals or minerals and they have active compounds- with therapeutic effect
What are some examples of crude drugs?
Examples of crude drugs are;
Plant based crude drugs - such as dried herbs, bark, roots or flowers
Animal based crude drugs - such as beeswax or honey
Mineral based crude drugs - such as magnesium sulfate or calcium carbonate
