1 - Preparatory

Question 1

A person trained in emergency care, with the additional training to allow insertion of IV’s, administration of medications, performance of advanced airway procedures, and setting up and assessing of electrocardiograms (ECG’s or EKG’s) formerly referred to as EMT-Intermediate.

Answer 1

Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT)

Question 2

Credentialing at the local level; usually entails completing a probationary period and updating and/or recertification to cover changing knowledge and skills.

Answer 2

Certification

Question 3

A type of medical direction, also called “on-line”, “base-station,” “immediate” or “concurrent medical control”; under this type of medical direction, the physician speaks directly with emergency care providers at the scene of an emergency.

Answer 3

Direct medical control

Question 4

A person trained in emergency medical care who may be called on to provide such care as a routine part of the job, paid or volunteer; often the first trained professional to respond to emergencies; formerly called “first responder”.

Answer 4

Emergency medical responder (EMR)

Question 5

A network of community resources and medical personnel that provides emergency medical care to people who are injured or suddenly fall ill.

Answer 5

Emergency medical services (EMS) system

Question 6

Someone who has successfully completed a state-approved EMT training program; EMT’s take over care from EMR’s and work on stabilizing and preparing the patient for transport; formerly referred to as EMT-Basic.

Answer 6

Emergency medical technician (EMT)

Question 7

A type of medical direction, also called “off-line,” “retrospective” or “prospective” medical control; this type of medical direction includes education, protocol review and quality improvement for emergency care providers.

Answer 7

Indirect medical control

Question 8

Required acknowledgment that the bearer has permission to practice in the licensing state; offers the highest level of public protection; may be revoked at the state level should the bearer no longer meet the required standards

Answer 8

Liscensure

Question 9

Local requirements EMR’s must meet in order to maintain employment or obtain certain protocols so that they may practice.

Answer 9

Local credentialing

Question 10

The monitoring of care provided by out-of-hospital providers to injured or ill persons, usually by a medical director.

Answer 10

Medical direction

Question 11

A physician who assumes responsibility for the care of injured or ill persons provided in out-of-hospital settings.

Answer 11

Medical director

Question 12

Someone with more in-depth training than AEMTs and who can perform all of the former’s duties plus has additional knowledge of performing physical exams; may also perform more invasive procedures that any other prehospital care provider; formerly referred to as EMT-Paramedic.

Answer 12

Paramedic

Question 13

Emergency medical care provided before a patient arrives at a hospital or medical facility.

Answer 13

Prehospital care

Question 14

Standardized procedures to be followed when providing care to injured or ill persons.

Answer 14

Protocols

Question 15

The dance of duties and skills that are allowed and expected to be performed when necessary, according to the professional’s level of training, while using reasonable care and skill.

Answer 15

Scope of practice

Question 16

Protocols issued by the medical director allowing specific skills to be performed or specific medications to be administered in certain situations.

Answer 16

Standing orders

Question 17

Range of duties and skills that the EMR is allowed and expected to perform when necessary, while using reasonable care and skill according to the EMR’s level of training.

Answer 17

Scope of practice

Question 18

Have the basic knowledge and skills needed to provide emergency care to people who are injured or who have become ill. They are certified to provide care until a more highly trained professional - such as an EMT - takes over. Used to be called first responder.

Answer 18

Emergency medical responder (EMR)

Question 19

Has the next highest training after an EMR. Their certification involves a minimum of 110 hours of training. They take over the care from EMR and work on stabilizing and preparing the patient for transport. This level of training used to be called EMT-basic.

Answer 19

Emergency medical technician (EMT)

Question 20

Receive more training that EMT’s, which allows them to insert IVs, administer medications, perform advanced airway procedure, and set up assess electrocardiograms (ECG’s or EKG’s). Used to be called EMT-intermediate.

Answer 20

Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT)

Question 21

Have more in-depth training than AEMTs, including more knowledge about performing physical exams. They may also perform more invasive procedures than any other prehospital care provider. This level of care used to be called EMT-Paramedic.

Answer 21

Paramedic

Question 22

What is an EMR?

Answer 22

A person trained in emergency care who may be called on to provide such care as a routine part of his or her job, whether that job is voluntary or paid. They have a duty to respond & provide care until more advanced medical care takes over.

Question 23

EMR’s responsibilities are to

Answer 23

ensure safety, gain access to the patient, determine threats to the patient’s life, summon more advanced medical personnel to assist them as needed, and provide needed care for the patient.

Question 24

Ensure safety for yourself and any bystanders:

Answer 24

Your first responsibility is not to make the situation worse by getting hurt or letting bystanders get hurt. Make sure the scene is safe when approaching it to avoid unnecessary injuries.

Question 25

Gain access to the patient:

Answer 25

Carefully approach the patient unless the scent is too dangerous for you to handle without help. Electrical or chemical hazards, unsafe structures and other dangers may make it difficult to reach the patient. Recognize when a rescue requires specially trained emergency personnel.

Question 26

Determine any threats to the patent’s life:

Answer 26

Check first for immediate life-threatening conditions and care for any you find. Next, look for other conditions that could threaten the patient’s life or health if not addressed.

Question 27

Summon more advanced medical personnel as needed:

Answer 27

After you quickly assess the patient, notify more advanced EMS personnel of the situation, if someone has not done so already.

Question 28

Provide needed care for the patient:

Answer 28

remain with the patient and provide whatever care you can until more advanced medical personnel take over.

Question 29

Assist more advanced medical personnel:

Answer 29

transfer your information about the patient & emergency to more advanced medical personnel. Tell them what happened, how you found the patient, any problems you found and any care you provided. Assist them as needed within your level of training, and help with care of any other patients.

Question 30

EMR major responsibilities:

Answer 30

1) Ensure safety for yourself and any bystanders
2) Gain access to the patient
3) Determine any threats to the patient’s life
4) Summon more advanced medical personnel as needed
5) Provide needed care for the patient
6) Assist more advanced medical personnel

Question 31

EMR secondary responsibilities:

Answer 31

1) Summoning additional help when needed (rescue teams, paramedic units, or trauma alerts).
2) Controlling or directing bystanders or asking them for help.
3) Taking additional steps, if necessary, to protect bystanders from dangers, such as traffic or fire.
4) Recording what you saw, heard and did at the scene
5) Reassuring the patient’s family or friends

Question 32

Critical fact

Answer 32

As an EMR, you have an obligation to remain up to date on the knowledge, skills and use of equipment needed for you to fulfill your role competently and effectively.

Question 33

Critical fact

Answer 33

As an EMR, you have a responsibility to control your fears, present a professional appearance, keep your knowledge and skills up to date, and maintain a safe and healthy lifestyle.

Question 34

Critical fact

Answer 34

Medical director is the process by which a physician directs the care provided by out-of-hospital providers to injured or ill people. Usually this monitoring is done by a medical director, who assumes responsibility for the care provided.

Question 35

EMR characteristics:

Answer 35

1) Maintaining a caring and professional attitude
2) Controlling your fears
3) Presenting a professional appearance
4) Keeping your knowledge and skills up to date
5) Maintaining a safe and healthy lifestyle

Question 36

The process by which a physician directs the care provided by out-of-hospital providers to injured or ill people.

Answer 36

Medical direction

Question 37

Allow EMS personnel to provide certain types of are or treatment without speaking to the physician.

Answer 37

Standing orders

Question 38

Education, protocol review and quality improvement for emergency care providers.

Answer 38

Indirect medical control (offline medical direction)

Question 39

Procedures that are not covered by standing orders require EMRs to speak directly with the physician. This contact can be made via mobile phone, radio or telephone.

Answer 39

Direct medical control (online medical direction)