2 - The Well-Being of the Emergency Medical Responder (VOCAB)

Question 1

Having a rapid and severe onset, then quickly subsiding.

Answer 1

Acute

Question 2

The type of protection from disease that the body develops throughout a lifetime as a person is exposed to diseases or immunized against them.

Answer 2

Adaptive immunity

Question 3

A disease of the immune system caused by infection with HIV

Answer 3

AIDS

Question 4

A type of protein found in blood or other bodily fluids; used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses.

Answer 4

Antibodies

Question 5

One-celled organisms that can cause infection; a common type of pathogen.

Answer 5

Bacteria

Question 6

A biological agent that presents a hazard to the health or well-being of those exposed.

Answer 6

Biohazard

Question 7

Used to describe a substance carried in the blood

Answer 7

Bloodborne

Question 8

Germs that may be present in human blood or other body fluids that can cause disease in humans.

Answer 8

Bloodborne pathogens

Question 9

Protective measures to prevent exposure to communicable diseases; defines all body fluids and substances as infectious.

Answer 9

Body substance isolation (BSI) precautions

Question 10

Persistent over a long period of time

Answer 10

Chronic

Question 11

Stress triggered by involvement in a serious or traumatic incident.

Answer 11

Critical incident stress

Question 12

A method of helping people cope with exposure to serious or traumatic incidents by discussing the emotional impact of the event.

Answer 12

Debriefing

Question 13

Similar to a debriefing but shorter and less formal; a method of discussing a serious or traumatic event soon afterward; done to help people cope

Answer 13

Defusing

Question 14

Mode of transmission of pathogens that occurs through directly toughing infected blood or body fluid, or other agents such as chemicals, drugs or toxins.

Answer 14

Direct contact

Question 15

A pathogen or germ that can cause disease or illness (bacterium or virus)

Answer 15

Disease-causing agent

Question 16

Mode of transmission of pathogens that occurs when a person inhales droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze; also known as respiratory droplet transmission.

Answer 16

Droplet transmission

Question 17

Control measures that eliminate, isolate or remove a hazard from the workplace; things used in the workplace to help reduce the risk of an exposure

Answer 17

Engineering controls

Question 18

An instance in which someone is exposed to a pathogen or has contact with blood or body fluids or objects in the environment that contain disease-cussing agents.

Answer 18

Exposure

Question 19

Plan in the workplace that outlines the employer’s protective measures to eliminate or minimize employee exposure incidents.

Answer 19

Exposure control plan

Question 20

An inflammation of the liver most commonly caused by viral infection; there are several types including hepatitis A, B, C, D and E

Answer 20

Hepatitis

Question 21

A virus that wakens the body’s immune system, leading to life-threatening infections; causes aids

Answer 21

HIV

Question 22

A constant state of balance or well-being of the body’s internal systems that is continually and automatically adjusted

Answer 22

Homeostasis

Question 23

The body’s complex group of body systems that is responsible for fighting disease.

Answer 23

Immune system

Question 24

Mode of transmission of a disease caused by touching a contaminated object.

Answer 24

Indirect contact

Question 25

A condition caused by disease-producing microorganisms, called pathogens or germs, in the body.

Answer 25

Infection

Question 26

Disease caused by the invasion of the body by a pathogen, such as bacterium, virus, fungus or parasite.

Answer 26

Infectious disease

Question 27

The type of protection from disease with which humans are born.

Answer 27

Innate immunity

Question 28

Purplish color in the lowest-lying parts of a recently dead body, caused by pooling of blood.

Answer 28

Lividity

Question 29

An inflammation of the meninges, the thin, protective coverings over the brain and spinal cord; caused by virus or bacteria

Answer 29

Meningitis

Question 30

A Staph bacterium that can cause infection; difficult to treat because of its resistance to many antibiotics

Answer 30

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Question 31

A type of tuberculosis (TB) that is resistant to some of the most effective anti-TB drugs

Answer 31

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB)

Question 32

A penetrating wound from a needle or other sharp object; may result in exposure to pathogens through contact with blood or other body fluids.

Answer 32

Needlestick

Question 33

Federal agency whose role is to promote the safety and health of American workers by setting and enforcing standards; providing training, outreach and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging continual process improvement in workplace safety and health.

Answer 33

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 34

Infections that strike people whose immune systems are weakened.

Answer 34

Opportunistic infections

Question 35

A respiratory illness caused by virulent human influenza A virus; spreads easily and sustainably and can cause global outbreaks of serious illness in humans

Answer 35

Pandemic influenza

Question 36

The type of immunity gained from external sources such as from a mother's breast milk to an infant.

Answer 36

Passive immunity

Question 37

A term used to describe a germ; a disease-causing agent (e.g., bacterium or virus)

Answer 37

Pathogen

Question 38

All specialized clothing, equipment and supplies that keep the user from directly contacting infected materials; includes gloves, gowns, masks, shields and protective eyewear.

Answer 38

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 39

A viral respiratory illness caused by the SARS- associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)

Answer 39

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

Question 40

Safety measures, including BSI and universal precautions, taken to prevent occupational-risk exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials; assumes that all body fluids, secretions and excretions (except sweat) are potentially infective.

Answer 40

Standard precautions

Question 41

The body's norman response to any situation that changes a person's existing mental, physical or emotional balance.

Answer 41

Stress

Question 42

An unexpected, natural death; usually used to describe a death from a sudden cardiac event.

Answer 42

Sudden death

Question 43

A bacterial infection that usually attacks the lungs.

Answer 43

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 44

A set of precautions designed to prevent transmission of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and other bloodborne pathogens when providing care; considers blood and certain body fluids of all patients potentially infectious.

Answer 44

Universal precautions

Question 45

Transmission of a pathogen that occurs when an infectious source, such as an animal or insect bite or sting, penetrates that body's skin.

Answer 45

Vector-borne transmission

Question 46

A common type of pathogen that depends on other organisms to live and reproduce; can be difficult to kill.

Answer 46

Virus

Question 47

Control measures that reduce the likelihood of exposure by changing the way a task is carried out.

Answer 47

Work practice controls