1. process of evolution

Question 1

define evolution

Answer 1

the change in genetic makeup of population over time

Question 2

define genetic composition

Answer 2

gene frequencies so # of different alleles either big P or little p

Question 3

evolutionary theory is supported by a lot of

Answer 3

evidence and data

Question 4

in 1831 who did a 5 year long voyage around the world

Answer 4

Charles Darwin

Question 5

Darwin proposed a theory for ?…… based on #___ propositions

Answer 5

evolutionary change
3

Question 6

name and explain all the propositions of Darwins theory for evolutionary change (3)*****

Answer 6

1. species change over time ( already known)
2. divergent species (groups of similar speicies - like the finches) diverge gradually over time (evolutionary change) …. new idea
3. the mechanism for decedent for modification is produced by natural selection

Question 7

what is natural selection modified to?

Answer 7

survival and reproduction

Question 8

define population

Answer 8

a group of individuals of a single species that live and interbreed in a particular geographic area

Question 9

individual _____ _____ but population ____!!!!!

Answer 9

DONT EVOLVE
DO

Question 10

natural selection causes evolution but so do #___ the mechanisms name them.. *****

Answer 10

4…
1. mutation 2. gene flow 3. genetic drift 4. nonrandom mating

Question 11

mutation is any ____ _____ on ____ within the genome of the organism

Answer 11

random change on CHANCE

Question 12

mutations are ____ therefore this explained that it will neither _____ or ____

Answer 12

random
harm / help

Question 13

mutations depend on?

Answer 13

environmental conditions

Question 14

the larger the genome =

Answer 14

more chances for low probability events to occur

Question 15

over time mutations will?

Answer 15

accumulate

Question 16

result of mutation is?

Answer 16

new alleles

Question 17

without mutation = no ……

Answer 17

evolution

Question 18

define allele frequency and give example

Answer 18

total # of alleles
for example yellow allele is x1 =12 so It will be 12/total # of alleles

Question 19

define genotype frequency

Answer 19

alleles that an individual has
example being x1x2, x2x3, x2x2

Question 20

allele frequency and genotype frequency is to measure ?

Answer 20

evolutionary change

Question 21

mutation is a source of ..

Answer 21

variation

Question 22

selection act on the variation of mutation to produce?

Answer 22

new phenotypes

Question 23

give example of selection

Answer 23

wild mustard = brocolli, kale, cabbage, etc

Question 24

what does artificial selection mean

Answer 24

using human help so a human breeds with thick stem to make broccoli

Question 25

artificial selection results in traints favorable to?

Answer 25

humans

Question 26

_____ _______ results in traits that help the organism survive and reproduce more effectively in nature

Answer 26

natural selection

Question 27

natural selection leads to?

Answer 27

adaptation

Question 28

define adaptation

Answer 28

favored traits that spread through population by differencing survival and reproduction

Question 29

gene flow is the _____ of individuals/gametes from 1 population to another

Answer 29

migration

Question 30

gene flow is like _____ down a river (green to brown and brown beetle flys to green causing change in allele frequency)

Answer 30

flowing

Question 31

gene flow =

Answer 31

migration/ movement

Question 32

________ _______ results from RANDOME CHAGE in allele frequency due to chance events regardless the trait

Answer 32

genetic drift

Question 33

in _____ _____- genetic drift can be a really BIG DEAL

Answer 33

small populations

Question 34

(genetic drift) explain population bottleneck

Answer 34

massiver reduction in population size so then the surviving population repopulates but simply BY CHNACE because of the ones that survived therefore the new population is different from the OG population

Question 35

another way genetic drift occurs is when a small populations ______ __ ____ ____ that looks different from the OG population this is called _____ _____

Answer 35

colonizes a new area founder effect

Question 36

found effect is like population bottleneck the difference is that ...

Answer 36

there is less deaths

Question 37

what are the 2 ways genetic drift occurs

Answer 37

population bottleneck and founder effectd

Question 38

define random mating

Answer 38

mate with whoever the encounter

Question 39

define nonrandom mating

Answer 39

mating with preferred they want

Question 40

sexual selection is?

Answer 40

nonrandom mating that favors traits that increase the chance go reproduction

Question 41

more likely to be chosen by opposite sex is ______ _______

Answer 41

sexual selection

Question 42

mutation =

Answer 42

new alleles

Question 43

selection =

Answer 43

difference in survival and reproduction based on traits

Question 44

gene flow =

Answer 44

migration

Question 45

genetic drift =

Answer 45

population bottle neck = is random and reduce in size of population then founder = is started by a few individuals that starts a new population