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Microanatomy > 10. Digestive System 1 > Flashcards

10. Digestive System 1 Flashcards

1
Q

This part of the stomach has pits and glands which occupy roughly equal portions.

A

pylorus

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2
Q

This type of epithelium lines the esophagus

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Taste buds consists of a pore on the surface with what 3 cells?

A
  • Sensory
  • Supporting
  • Basal
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4
Q

Large folds in the mucosa of the small bowel are called what?

A

villi

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5
Q

Surrounding the anal canal are 2 sphincters. The internal spincter is of _________ muscle; external spincter is made of ___________muscle

A 
Internal = smooth muscle
External = striated muscle
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6
Q

4 functional divisions of digestive tract?

A
  • Oral cavity
  • Simple passages
  • Digestive tract proper
  • Related organs
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7
Q

Where are Brunner’s glands located

A

Duodenum - mainly submucosa, some in lamina propria

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8
Q

What are the large intralobular ducts called in the salivary glands.

A

Striated ducts

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9
Q

Difference between plicae vs villus?

A

Plicae - involves mucosa AND submucosa

Villus - only involves mucosa

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10
Q

Lymphoid aggregates of the pharynx

A

Palatine tonsils

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11
Q

This is the name for glands found between villi in the small intestine.

A

crypts of lieberkuhn (intestinal glands)

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12
Q

These stomach cells have a basophilic cytoplasm and secrete pepsin

A

chief cells

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13
Q

Area of stomach where most of the gastric juice is made

A

Fundus and body last 2/3 of muscosa (i.e. where the glands are located)

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14
Q

Large bowel divided into what 3 parts

A
  • Cecum
  • Sigmoid
  • Rectum
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15
Q

2 types of glands in submucosa and where they are found?

A

Superficial mucous glands - entrance and exit from esophagus

Submucosal glands - found throughout middle of esophagus

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16
Q

This part of the stomach has pits which occupy roughly one third of the thickness of the mucosa while the glands occupy rougly two thirds.

A

Body

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17
Q

This is the final portion of the stomach

A

pylorus

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18
Q

________ are the prominent folds in the stomach when it’s empty

A

Rugae

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19
Q

Type of muscle found in the upper, middle, and end of muscularis propria of esophagus

A 
Upper = skeletal
Middle = skeletal + smooth
End = Smooth
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20
Q

Unique, dark-staining cells at the base of glands that produce antimicrobials (e.g. lysozyme)

A

Paneth cells

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21
Q

3 ways SI increases surface area

A
  • Plicae (submucosa, mucosa)
  • Villi (muscosa)
  • Brush border
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22
Q

Epithelium of oral cavity?

A

Non-keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium

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23
Q

Which outer layer?

  • Organs free in perotoneum
  • Covered w/ mesothelium
24
Q

These papillae are mushroom shaped

25
This salivary gland is mixed seromucous
Submandibular
26
Where is the cardiac sphincter found?
Gastroesophageal junction
27
Gastroesophageal junction has an abrupt transition from _________ epithelium to _______ epithelium
stratified squamous to columnar
28
Dark staining cells found in the glands of the SI?
Paneth cells
29
4 histologic layers of GI tract?
- mucosa - submucosa - muscularis propria/externa - adventitia/serosa
30
What is found on the back 1/3 of the tongue? Front 2/3?
Back - raised lymphoid tissue | Front - raised papillae
31
Mucosa and submucosa are folded into __________
plicae circularis
32
Tubular glands at the base of villi?
Crypts of Lieberkuhn (intestinal glands)
33
Which organ is characterized by straight tubular glands and the absence of villi?
colon
34
Unique aspect of the muscularis propria only seen in the esophagus
Muscles are not exclusively smooth muscle (skeletal at upper part)
35
this salivary gland is entirely serous
parotid
36
Where are Meissner's plexus found? Auerbach's plexus?
Meissner's - submucosa | Auerbach's - muscularis propria
37
Central lymphatic of a villus?
Lacteal
38
These glands identify the duodenum
Brunner's glands
39
Which outer layer? - Organs are attached to surrounding tissues - LACK mesothelium
Adventitia
40
These pale, eosinophilic stomach cells secrete HCl
parietal cells
41
These papillae divide the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue
circumvallate
42
Type of muscle, type connective tissue, type of glands found in base of tongue?
- Skeletal muscle (multiple directions) - Dense connective tissue - Seromucous glands
43
This links the pharynx to the stomach
Esophagus
44
Name of autonomic ganglia found in muscularis propria of GI tract?
Auerbach's plexus
45
This is the first anatomic division of the stomach.
cardia
46
What is the first part of the ductal system called in the salivary gland?
intercalated ducts
47
4 anatomic regions of stomach
Cardia Fundus Body Pylorus
48
Epithelium of the top of the tongue?
Thicker, KERATINIZED stratified squamous
49
Surface cell with microvilli
Enterocyte
50
This salivary gland is almost entirely mucous.
sublingual
51
The prominent folds of mucosa in the anal canal are called __________
anal columns
52
Which part of the GI tract has: - no plicae/villi - abundant goblet cells - straight tubular glands - more crypts
Large intestine
53
3 simple passage organs?
- Pharynx - Esophagus - Anal canal
54
The 2 tongue papilla WITH taste buds?
Fugiform papilla | Circumvallate papilla
55
What are large folds of the submucosa in the small bowel called?
Plicae circularis
56
What do each of the upper and lower divisions of the GI tract consist of?
Upper: mouth to esophagus Lower: stomach to anus

Microanatomy (16 decks)

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