10 - Human-Robot Interaction 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of HRI?
A field of study dedicated to understanding, designing and evaluating robotic systems for use by or with humans
What are 6 aspects of HRI?
Psychology Human Factors Sociology/Social Science HCI Computer Science Mechatronics
Why HRI in AMR?
Purpose of robotics (automation and replacing people)
Helping people (physical rehab, social therapy)
Tool for understanding people
What is Anthropomorphism?
Tendency to attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects, animals and others with a view to helping us rationalise their actions
What is the relationship of Anthropomorphism and HRI?
It should be embraced in HRI
Taking advantage of it rather than avoiding it
What are 2 ways that Anthropomorphism can be applied to HRI?
Appearance and Behaviour
What is Pareidolia?
Perceiving a familiar pattern (typically a face) when there is none
What is the Uncanny Valley?
Increasing human likeness increases familiarity, however at a certain point, a sharp drop in familiarity results in revulsion
What is the attribution of agency to robots?
If certain characteristics are present, people will naturally attribute agency to an inanimate object
What are 2 modes of robot interaction?
Proximate and Remote
What is Proximate robot interaction?
Human and robot are in the same space
Physical and social interactions fall in this category (service robots)
What is Remote robot interaction?
Human and robot are in different locations
Teleoperation, supervised control
What are the 2 type of robot interaction?
Explicit and Implicit
What is Explicit robot interaction?
An action performed with the purpose of eliciting a reaction
Dialogue (asking a question)
Manipulation (handing over an object, or pointing)
What is Implicit robot interaction?
Actions are modified due to presence of an other, but no reaction is expected
Navigation (avoiding humans in the way)
Give an example of the potential overlap between explicit and implicit robot interaction?
Avoiding humans, but engaging in some strategies to encourage humans to move out of the way
Give an example scenario of explicit interaction?
Robot and human face each other using the same workspace, human provides explicit instruction with gestures, robot performs actions and looks back at human
Human teaches names, attributes, affordances
Robot learns from speech and observation
Give an example scenario of implicit interaction?
Robot navigates through a populated environment, humans change their behaviour, they stop and deviate path to avoid robot
Interaction not strictly necessary for navigation
What are 2 parts to control?
Sensing, Decision Making, Acting
How does human interaction link with robot sensing?
Taking humans into account adds significant difficult, people are not good at being reliable, meaning of underlying gestures and sensors suffer from noise
What are 5 levels of autonomy? (in order)
Wizard of Oz
Scripted Robot Behaviour
Partial Autonomy
Supervised Autonomous Behaviour
Full Autonomy
What is Wizard of Oz?
Remote control of a robotic system, or aspects of
Giving the impression of autonomy
Wizard is hidden from view or not obviously associated with control of robot
Typically used to stand in for technical aspects that are currently too difficult/unreliable/under test
What does complete Wizard of Oz entail?
Full remote control of all aspects of behaviour
What is Scripted Robot Behaviour?
Operator runs pre-scripted behaviours. Mediated teleoperation, reducing the workload on a wizarrd
