10. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANISTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

what are the 4 different lenses on organisations

Answer 1

design lens
cultural lens
political lens
organisational value

Question 2

what is the design lens of organisation?

Answer 2

arrangement and coordination of work tasks and accountability (supervision/reporting)

Question 3

what is the cultural lens of organisations?

Answer 3

habits, typical practices, norms, identities

who reports to who

Question 4

what is the political lens of organisations?

Answer 4

interests, conflicts, competition, coalitions, negotiation

things not captured in an organisational chart

Question 5

what are organisational values.

Answer 5

formal and informal.

Things that are important to them
vision or idea of what it means to be a part of a particular organisation

Question 6

who causes the most problems in the political lens?

Answer 6

the expert in both fields of strategy and technical

Question 7

what disciplines does organisational psychology draw from?

Answer 7

Basic social psychology
Anthropology
behavioural economics
sociology

Question 8

what is there an increasing recognition of importance of?

Answer 8

the social sciences

Question 9

what is organisational psychology?

Answer 9

the scientific study of psychological processes and behaviours of individuals and groups in the workplace

Question 10

what does organizational psychology typically focus on?

Answer 10

large companies

and includes interface between work and other areas of life (e.g. work-life balance)

Question 11

what is social psychology

Answer 11

the scientific study of the effects of social and cognitive processes on the way individuals perceive, influence, and relate to others

Question 12

what is the theoretical focus of organisational psychology?

Answer 12

applied

Question 13

what is the theoretical focus of social psychology?

Answer 13

basic, applied

Question 14

what are the goals of organisational psychology

Answer 14

• productive/performance

- overcome organsitional problems

Question 15

what are the goals of social psycology?

Answer 15

• reduce prejudice / discrimination
• Overcome other social problems
• basic unerstanding of humans in social contexts

Question 16

what is the interdisciplinary of organisational psychology

Answer 16

relative high

Question 17

what is the interdisciplinary of social psychology?

Answer 17

relatively low

Question 18

define interdisciplinary

Answer 18

relating to more than one branch of knowledge

Question 19

what are the 4 main goals of organizational psychology?

Answer 19

enhance productivity
increase employee satisfaction and health
manage absenteeism and turnover
address deviant workplace behaviour

Question 20

what is the goal of enhancing productivity

Answer 20

higher quality and quality of work output

increase the skills and abilities of employees

Question 21

what is the goal of increasing employee satisfaction and health

Answer 21

positive experiences, happiness and well being

Question 22

what is the goal of managing absenteeism and turnover

Answer 22

finding ways for employees to engage with and remain in work

finding effective ways to manage turnover when performance is poor

Question 23

what is the goal of addressing deviant workplace behaviour

Answer 23

behaviours that threaten workplace functioning

e.g. harassment, bullying, sabotage, theft

Question 24

what are the three elements to increase productivity and improve integration?

Answer 24

physical resources
technology / machinery
human resources (people)

Question 25

how do you increase employee productivity

Answer 25

money... greater money = greater work management's role of finding the best way to do the work friends - enjoying work

Question 26

what is taylorism?

Answer 26

scientific management

Question 27

what are the 4 principles of scientific management?

Answer 27

scientific methods of working scientific selection and training cooperation between management and workers equal responsibility

Question 28

what is the scientific methods of working principle of scientific management?

Answer 28

work out the scientifically best way of working (now "benchmarking") about the job

Question 29

what is the scientific selection and training principle of scientific management?

Answer 29

work out the ideal characteristics of people to do task | recruit them and provide them with the optimal skills / knowledge

Question 30

what is the cooperation between management and workers principle of scientific management?

Answer 30

management help and support workers to achieve the scientifically optimal behaviours

Question 31

what is the equal responsibility principle of scientific management?

Answer 31

previously, performance was mainly the worker's responsibility now management has more responsibility in developing and maintaining ideal working patterns / conditions

Question 32

who's role is it to find the best way to do the work?

Answer 32

management

Question 33

what are the hawthorne studies?

Answer 33

a range of experiments conducted from 1924-1932 that examined the effect on productivity resulting from light intensity. Later studies examined other working conditions such as rest breaks and working day length

Question 34

what did the hawthorn studies originally examine?

Answer 34

the relationship between light intensity and efficiency.

Question 35

what did the hawthorne studies find about light intensity

Answer 35

there was no clear relationship with lighting level was discovered rather productivity increased whenever intensity was CHANGED

Question 36

what is the hawthorne effect?

Answer 36

the temporary increment in performance that occurs at the onset of an intervention performance often returns to pre-intervention levels after some time

Question 37

what was found to increase productivity of the workers in the hawthorne studies?

Answer 37

the attention of researchers

Question 38

what are the hawthorne studies historically important in?

Answer 38

increasing attention to worker's psychology: - attitudes and emotions about their work - the meanings they assign to work - relationships and recognition at work

Question 39

what are the classic research questions in organisational psychology?

Answer 39

* Does personality predict job performance? * Is a satisfied worker also a productive worker? * Does paying a person to do something ultimately reduce his/her intrinsic motivation? * Are groups more effective than individuals? * Are leaders born, or can anyone trained to become an effective leader?

Question 40

what are the contemporary research questions of organisational psychology?

Answer 40

* How can we manage virtual teams? * What are the outcomes of increasing workplace diversity? * How can we organise and manage people in a globalised, networked world? * How can we manage flexibility in the workplace? * How can we help people achieve acceptable work-life balance?