#10 Origin of Life Flashcards
Origins of Life (37 cards)
Age of the earth
4.6 billion years
layers of the earth: crust, mantle, core
What are favourable conditions
Conditions required for the synthesis of the first organic molecules and their development into living cells
What are 9 conditions favourable for the development of life
1) Presence of water
2) energy source
3) time
4) presence of essential chemical elements
5) habitable zone
6) circular orbit
7) ideal mass
8) lithosphere
9) atmosphere
Why is the presence of liquid water important
-Life probably first developed in water since it’s an environment that allows complex molecules to bond
-needed to sustain life since its the primary constituent of all living organism
Why is energy source important
Energy is needed to drive the chemical reaction to form the development of life.
Ex: UV rays. Electrical discharges, geothermal (hot springs, volcanoes)
Why are essential chemical element important
Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Oxygen: needed to form the organic molecules needed to develop into living cells and organisms
Why is time important
The more time that passes, the more molecular bonds can be formed and this creates a greater probability of producing life.
Why is the habitable zone important
Distance between planet and sun, where temperature allows water to remain liquid on the surface of the planet
Why is a circular orbit important
Amount of energy stays constant, elliptical, amount of energy, heat from sun changes because the distance from the sun is not constant.
Why is ideal mass important
Determines the gravitational pull on a planet, and controls which particles are retained by the planet.
Why is lithosphere important
A solid surface is needed for the first molecules to be formed. They need a solid surface in order to join into more complex molecules.
Why is atmosphere so important
Protects us from UV rays. Provides us with necessary gasses. Allows water cycle.
What is evolution
A very slow process that brings about changes in a living organism.
What is natural selection
Some individuals are better suited because of their genetics. This makes them more likely to survive and reproduce, gradually the best traits are passed on and changes to species occur over very long periods of time.
What is a geological timescale
Tool used to represent the major events that have occurred in the history of earth.
What separates the 4 major eras
Eras and periods are marked by significant changes in the fossil record by events like extinction and appearance of new life form.
What is extinction
Disappearance of all individuals of a species. Extinction is brought by the inability to adapt to changes in their environment.
What are the 5 main groups of living organism
1) Bacteria
2) protist
3) fungi
4) plants
5) animals
What is prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
PROKARYOTIC cells: The nuclear material floats around inside the cell. It has no nucleus.
EUKARYOTIC cells: the nuclear material is contained within the nucleus. The cell has a nucleus.
What is bacteria
Prokaryotic cells contain no nucleus. Less developed.
What is a protist
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Most are single celled.
What is fungi
Eukaryotic multicellular
What are plants
Create their own food thought the process of photosynthesis.
What are animals
INVERTEBRATES: organisms with no backbone. (octopus)
VERTEBRATES: contain a backbone. (amphibians, mammals)
