10 - Pediatric Pulmonology

Question 1

Most common etiology of LTB

Answer 1

Parainfluenza

Question 2

Steeple sign

Answer 2

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Question 3

Thumbprint/leaf sign

Answer 3

Acute epiglottitis

Question 4

Ragged air column

Answer 4

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 5

Most common etiology of acute epiglottitis especially if unvaccinated

Answer 5

H. influenza type B

Question 6

Most common organisms associated with sinusitis

Answer 6

S. pneumoniae
Non-typable H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis

Question 7

Most common etiology of bronchiolitis

Answer 7

RSV

Question 8

4 things to check about asthma control

Answer 8

• Daytime symptoms more than twice a week
• Night waking
• Need for reliever more than twice a week
• Activity limitation

Question 9

Preferred reliever for adolescents with asthma

Answer 9

ICS-formoterol

Question 10

Most common cause of stridor in infants and children

Answer 10

Laryngomalacia

Question 11

Etiology of pneumonia in neonates

Answer 11

• GBS
• E.coli
• L. monocytogenes
• S. pneumoniae
• H. influenzae

Question 12

Etiology of pneumonia in 3wk- 3mos old

Answer 12

RSV and other respiratory viruses
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae

Question 13

Etiology of pneumonia in 4mos-4yrs old

Answer 13

• RSV and other respiratory viruses
• S. pneumoniae
• H. influenzae
• M. pneumoniae

Question 14

Etiology of pneumonia in 5 years old and older

Answer 14

• M. pneumonia
• S. pneumoniae
• C. pneumonia
• H. influenzae
• Influenza
• Adenovirus
• L. pneumophila

Question 15

Differentiates PCAP-B from PCAP-A

Answer 15

Malnutrition
Comorbid conditions

Question 16

Respiratory signs present in PCAP-D but not in PCAP-C

Answer 16

Cyanosis
Grunting
Apnea

Question 17

Most common cause of pneumonia in children worldwide

Answer 17

Viruses

Question 18

Stage where a child with pertussis is most infectious

Answer 18

Catarrhal

Question 19

Drug of choice for pertussis

Answer 19

Macrolide

Question 20

Staccato cough

Answer 20

Chlamydia

Question 21

Brassy cough

Answer 21

Staphylococcus

Question 22

Barking “seal”

Answer 22

Parainfluenza

Question 23

Whooping cough

Answer 23

Bordetella

Question 24

TST (+) cut-off in the Philippines

Answer 24

10mm

Question 25

TST (+) if ≥5mm in children with

Answer 25

• History of close contact with known or suspected TB case • Clinical findings suggestive of TB • CXR findings suggestive of TB • Immunocompromised condition

Question 26

T or F: TST is preferred over IGRA in children <5 years old

Answer 26

T

Question 27

Asymmetric tonsillar bulge with a displaced uvula

Answer 27

Peritonsillar abscess