12 - Pediatric Cardiology

Question 1

Murmur grade associated with thrill

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Murmur that is always pathologic

Answer 2

Diastolic murmurs

Question 3

Acyanotic heart disease

Answer 3

• VSD
• ASD
• PDA
• COA
• ECD

Question 4

Cyanotic heart disease

Answer 4

• Pulmonary atresia
• Pulmonary stenosis
• TOF
• Tricuspid atresia
• Ebstein anomaly
• TOGA
• TAPVR
• Truncus arteriosus

Question 5

Systolic ejection murmur at 2nd LICS with widely split S2

Answer 5

ASD

Question 6

Systolic regurgitant murmur at LLSB with loud and single S2

Answer 6

VSD

Question 7

Continuous “machinery-like murmur at the 2nd L infraclavicular area

Answer 7

PDA

Question 8

Heart defect most commonly associated with Down syndrome

Answer 8

Endocardial cushion defect

Question 9

Bedside test to differentiate pulmonary from cardiovascular cause of cyanosis

Answer 9

Hyperoxia test

Question 10

Most common cyanotic heart defect BEYOND infancy

Answer 10

TOF

Question 11

Most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease in NEWBORNS

Answer 11

TOGA

Question 12

Boot-shaped heart

Answer 12

TOF

Question 13

Management of hypoxic spells in TOF

Answer 13

• Knee-chest position
• Morphine sulfate
• NaHCO3 IV
• Oxygen
• Phenylephrine
• Propranolol
• Ketamine

Question 14

Egg-shaped heart

Answer 14

TOGA

Question 15

T or F: A VSD is always present in truncus arteriosus

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Snowman sign
Figure of 8

Answer 16

TAPVR

Question 17

Location of lesion in coarctation of the aorta in children

Answer 17

Descending aorta (distal to the origin of the L subclavian artery)

Question 18

Rib notching
Inverted E
3 sign

Answer 18

COA

Question 19

Heart defect most commonly associated with congenital rubella

Answer 19

PDA

Question 20

Heart defect most commonly associated with maternal DM

Answer 20

TGA

Question 21

Heart defect most commonly associated with maternal lupus

Answer 21

Complete heart block

Question 22

Heart defect most commonly associated with maternal intake of aspirin

Answer 22

PPHN

Question 23

Heart defect most commonly associated with maternal intake of alcohol

Answer 23

VSD
PS

Question 24

Heart defect most commonly associated with maternal intake of lithium

Answer 24

Ebstein anomaly

Question 25

Tachycardia in rheumatic fever is significant when noted during

Answer 25

Sleeping

Question 26

Most common manifestation of RF

Answer 26

Arthritis

Question 27

Most consistent feature of ARF

Answer 27

Valvulitis

Question 28

Only feature of RF that can cause permanent damage

Answer 28

Carditis

Question 29

Test that should be performed in all patients with confirmed or suspected ARF

Answer 29

Echocardiography with doppler

Question 30

Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for RF without carditis

Answer 30

5 years or until 21 years old whichever is longer

Question 31

Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for RF with carditis but without residual heart disease

Answer 31

10 years or until 21 years old whichever is longer

Question 32

Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for RF with carditis and with residual heart disease

Answer 32

10 years or until 40 years old whichever is longer

Question 33

Most likely cause of IE in patients with underlying heart disease

Answer 33

viridans Streptococci

Question 34

Most likely cause of IE in patients after dental procedure

Answer 34

viridans Streptococci

Question 35

Most likely cause of IE in patients after GUT or lower bowel manipulation

Answer 35

Group D Streptococcus

Question 36

Most likely cause of IE in patients after open heart procedure

Answer 36

Fungal

Question 37

Most likely cause of IE in IV drug abusers

Answer 37

Staphylococcus Pseudomonas

Question 38

Most likely cause of IE in patients with CVP or prosthetic valves

Answer 38

Coagulase-negative Staph

Question 39

Recommended treatment duration for IE

Answer 39

4-6 weeks