10 Surviving the Risk, the Response, and the Review

Question 1

Consequences of community hazards, associated risk events, and FD mitigation efforts:

Answer 1

1. Civilian and FF injury or loss of life
2. Property damage or loss
3. Critical infrastructure damage or loss
4. Environmental damage or loss

Question 2

FDs should use three factors when assessing risk:

Answer 2

1. Probability of an incident occurring
2. Consequences (magnitude) of an incident on the community
3. Impact of an incident on the department’s response system

Question 3

Probability is associated with the ______________ of a particular incident type.

Answer 3

frequency

Question 4

Input factors and informational layers of risk assessment methodology:

Answer 4

1. CAD data (1-3 years)
2. Station first-due response zones
3. Station first-due boundaries
4. Building footprint and building type
5. Parcel data (land/property value)
6. Demographic data (gender, age, race, education, income/poverty, housing)
7. Physical data (transportation networks, utility lines, rivers, floodplains, etc)

Question 5

Impact

Answer 5

Measures the effets of multiple concurrent incidents on the overall emergency response system

Question 6

Measurable Objectives: Alarm Answering Times

Answer 6

1. 15 sec. 95% of calls
2. 40 sec. 99% of calls

Question 7

Measurable Objectives: Alarm Processing Time

Answer 7

1. 64 sec. 90% of calls
2. 106 sec. 95% of calls

Question 8

Measurable Objectives: Turnout Time

Answer 8

1. 60 sec. EMS response
2. 80 sec. Fire response

Question 9

Measurable Objectives: 1st Engine arrives

Answer 9

240 sec. (4min) 90% of responses

Question 10

Measurable Objectives: Full Alarm arrives (low or medium hazard)

Answer 10

480 sec. (8 min) 90% of responses

Question 11

Measurable Objectives: Full Alarm arrives (high hazard.high-rise)

Answer 11

610 sec (10 min) 90% of responses

Question 12

Three basic components of FD response performance

Answer 12

1. Availability
2. Capability
3. Operational Effectiveness

Question 13

Availability

Answer 13

Degree to which the resources are ready and available to respond

Question 14

Capability

Answer 14

Abilities of deployed resources to manage an incident

Question 15

Operational Effectiveness

Answer 15

Product of availability and capability.
Outcome achieved by the deployed resources or ability to match deployed resources to the risks to which they are responding.

Question 16

FDs measure baseline performance in terms of total response time - time call is received to arrival of first resource.

Answer 16

1. Call processing time
2. Turnout time
3. Travel time

Question 17

Call Processing Time

Answer 17

Time from call being received to the dispatching of first unit.

Question 18

Turnout Time

Answer 18

Elapsed time from when a unit is dispatched until it changes its status to “responding”

Question 19

Travel Time

Answer 19

Elapsed time from when a unit begins to respond until its arrival on the scene

Question 20

Other elements necessary to show FD performance

Answer 20

1. Resources responding (all units dispatched to incident)
2. Staffing/crew size
3. First unit arrival (first arriving with potential to intervene… Chiefs don’t count, y’all)
4. Initial alarm arrival (assembly of effective force)
5. Intervention time

Question 21

Initial Alarm Arrival

Answer 21

Units sent on initial alarm should be determined through task analysis:
1. Life hazard-protected population
2. Safe and effective performance
3. Potential property loss
4. Hazard level of properties
5. Tactics employed

Question 22

Intervention Time

Answer 22

From arrival to start of mitigation/engagement. (up to water on fire or at patient)

Question 23

Four priorities at a fire:

Answer 23

1. Life safety of occupants and FF
2. Confinement and extinguishment
3. Property conservation
4. Reduction of adverse environmental impact

Question 24

FD reporting typically include

Answer 24

1. Fires per capita (per 1000 people)
2. Fire loss estimates vs assessed value
3. Fire loss per capita (per 1000 people)
4. Civilian injuries/deaths per year
5. Smoke detectors installed
6. Total number of incidents
7. Incident number/percentage by category (Fire, EMS, Hazmat)
8. Incident number/percentages by type (cardiac, trauma, vehicle fire, trash fire, etc)
9. Response times overall and by specific service areas
10. Total fire inspections and public education sessions conducted

Question 25

Community Risk Reduction (CRR) - New and emerging hazards may include:

Answer 25

1. Mass gathering venues
2. Residential development
3. Commercial development
4. Population influx with demographic changes
5. High-risk populations that are under served by other public social services