100 most common drugs in GP Flashcards by Carson Head

what is Acetylcysteine used for

Paracetamol overdose

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what is activated charcoal used for

In poisoning to reduce GI absorption

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what is adenosine used for

to reverse supraventricular tachycardias
(+accessory pathways - Wolff-Parkinson white)

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How is adenosine given

Rapid IV injection

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how is acetylcystein given

IV infusion

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how is activated charcoal given

By mouth

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what is adrenaline (epinephrine) used for

anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest

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what dose of adrenaline is used for CPR

1 in 10,000

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what dose of adrenaline is used for anaphylaxis

1 in 1000

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How can adrenaline be administered

IV infusin or IM injection

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what does adrenaline act on

both alpha and beta receptors to increase heart rate and contractility

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Give an example of an aldosterone antagonist

Spironolactone

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indications for spironolactone

Ascites
heart failure
Hyperaldosteronism

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Give an example of alginates/antacids

gaviscon
peptac

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What are alginates/antacids used for

Dyspepsia
GORD

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what is allopurinol used for

Gout
tumour lysis syndrome

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When must allopurinol not be used

During acute flare of gout

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give examples of an alpha blocker

doxazocin
Tamulosin

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indications for an alpha blockers

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (eases muscles to aid urination)
Hypertension

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give an example of an aminoglycosides

gentamicin

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what is gentamicin indicated for

Gram-positive bacteria endocarditis
septicaemia

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give an example of an aminosalicylate

mesalazine and slufasalazine

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Indications for mesalazine or sulfasalazine

Ulcerative colitis
Rheumatoid arthirits (rarer)

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what is amiodarone indicated for

arrhythmias - AF, A.flutter, VF, WPW syndrome
Pulseless CPR

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Give an example of an ACE-i

Ramipril Lisinopril

when is an ACE-i indicated

Hypertension Heart failure ACS IHD CKD

Give an example of an ARB

candersartan Losartan

indications for an ARB

hypertension CKD diabetic nephropathy IHD Heart failure

Give an example of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

sertraline Citalopram fluoxetine

Indications for an SSRI

OCD Anxiety Depression

give an example of a tricyclic antidepressant

amitriptyline

what is a tricyclic antidepressant indicated for

depression neuropathic pain

what is an example of a seretonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

Venlafaxine Mirtazapine

When is an SNRI indicated

anxiety - GAD depression

give an example of a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist

metoclopramide Domperidone

when is dopamine D2 receptor antagonist indicated

nausea and vomiting

give an example of a Histamine H1-receptor antagonist

cyclizine cinnarizine promethazine

when is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist indicated

Nausea and vomiting

give an example of a phenothiazines

prochlorperazine chlorpromazine

what is a phenothiazine indicated for

N&V agitation

what is an example of a serotonin 5-HT3-receptor antagonist

ondansetron Granisetron

what is a Serotonin 5-HT3-receptor antagonist indicated for

N&V Chemotherapy Panic disorders

give an example of an antifungal drug

miconazole fluconazole nyastin clotrimazole

what is an antifungal drug indicated for

a fungal infection

give an example of an antihistamine-H1-receptor antagonist

Chlorphenamine cetirizine loratidine fexofenadine

when is an antihistamine indicated

allergies hayfever (seasonal rhinitis) pruritus utricaria

Give an example of an antimotility drug

loperamide codeine phosphate

what is an antimotility drug indiciated for

diarrhoea

give an example of an antimuscarinics - bronchodilators

Ipratropium bromide tiotropium

when is a bronchodilator indicated

asthma COPD

give an example of an antimuscarinic - Cardio and GI use

atropine Hyoscine butylbromide Glycopyrronium

what is an antimuscarinic for Cardio/GI use indicated for

bradycardia IBS Resp secretions

give an example of an antimuscarinic - For GUM use

oxybutinin tolterodine solifenacin

when is an antimuscarinic for GUM use indicated

Urinary incontinence

Give an example of a typical first generation anti-psychotic

haloperidol chlorpromazine prochlorperazine

when is a first gen antipsychotic indicated

agitation psychomotor bipolar disorder N&V Schizophrenia

give an example of a second gen anti-psychotics (atypical)

quetiapine olanzapine risperidone clozapine

give an indication for an atypical antipyschotic

agitation Psychomotor bipolar disorder schizophrenia

when is aspirin indicated

ACS AF/flutter fever IHD pain PAD stroke

what is the loading dose and maintenance dose for aspirin

300mg loading 75mg maintenance

give examples of benzodiazepines

diazepam midazolam temazepam lrazepam chlordiazepoxide

when is a benzodiazepine indicated

alcohol withdrawal anxiety status epilepticus insomina sedation

give an example of a beta2-agonist

salbutamol sameterol terbutaline

when is a beta2-agonist indicated

asthmas COPD hyperkalaemia

give examples of beta-blockers

bisoprolol atenolol propranolol metoprolol

when are beta-blockers indicated

ACS angina AF/flutter HF HTN IHD SVT

give examples of bisphosphonates

alendronic acid (alendronate) risderonate zoledronic acid

when are bisphosphonates indicated

bone mets Hypercalacaemia of malignancy osteoporosis pagets disease

give examples of calcium and Vitamin D

Adcal-D3 Colecalciferol Calcium carbonate Calcium gluconate

when is calcium and Vit D indicated

CKD hyperkalaemia hypocalacemia osteoporosis Vit D deficient

give examples of calcium channel blcokers

amlodipine verapamil nifedipine diltiazem

when are CCB indicated

angina AF/flutter HTN SVT

when is carbamazepine indicated

bipolar disorder epilepsy trigeminal neuralgia

give an example of an anticonvulasant

carbamazepine

give an example of a cephalosporins and carbapenems

cefalexin cefotaxime meropenem

when are cephalosporins and carbapenems indicated

complex infections meningitis pneumonia spesis UTI

Give an example of an antiplatelet drug

clopidogrel

when is clopidogrel indicated

ACS AF/flutter IHD PAD stroke

give an example of a compound inhaler (B2-agonist + corticosteroid)

seretide symbicort

when is a compound inhaler indicated

asthma COPD inflammation

give examples of inhaled corticosteroids

beclomethasone fluticasone budesonide

when are inhaled corticosteroids indicated

Asthma COPD inflammation

give an example of a systemic corticosteroids

prednisolone hydrocortisone dexamethasone

Give indications for systemic corticosteroids

addisons disease Adrenal insufficiency allergy anaphylaxis AF/flutter Chemo Inflamamtion

give examples of topical corticosteroids

hydrocortison beclometasone

Give an indication for topical corticosteroids

eczema

give an example of a cardiac glycoside

digoxin

what is digoxin indicated for

AF/flutter HF

what is dipyridamole indicated for

Myocardial perfusion scan stroke

give examples of loop diuretics

furosemide bumetanide

when is a loop diuretic indicated

ascites HF breathlessness oedema (+pulmonary)

give an example of a potassium sparing diuretic

spironolactone amiloride

when is a potassium sparing diuretic indicated

hypokalaemia

give examples of thiazide like diuretics

bendroflumethiazide indapamide

when are thiazde like diuretics indicated

HTN

give an example of a dopaminergic drugs for Parkinson's disease

levodopa (co-beneldopa/careldopa) ropinirole

indications for dopaminergic drugs

Parkinson's disease Secondary parkinsonism

give an example of an emollient

E45 zerobase Liquid paraffin

when are emollient indicated

dry skin Eczema Psoriasis

give an example of fibrinolytic drugs

alteplase reteplase

when are fibrinolytic drugs indicated

ACS IHD PE stroke VTE

Give 2 types of anticonvulsants

pregabalin gabapentin

when are gabapentin and pregabalin indicated

Anxiety - GAD epilepsy Focal migraine neuropathic pain

give an example of a H2-receptor antagonists

ranitidine

when is a H2-receptor antagonist indicated

Dyspepsia GORD PUD

give an example of a heparins

enoxaparin dalteparin fondaparinux unfractioned heparin

when is heparin indicated

ACS DVT PE VTE prophylaxis and treatment

when is insulin indicated

DM DKA hyperglycaemia Hyperosmolar syndrome Hyperkalaemia

give an example of Iron

Ferrous sulfate Ferrous fumarate

when is iron indicated

anaemia

give an example of a bulk forming laxative

isphagula husk methylcellulose

when is a bulk forming laxative indicated

constipation diarrhoea faecal impaction

give an example of an osmotic laxative

lactulose macrogol phosphate enema

when is an osmotic laxative indicated

bowel preparation constipation faecal impaction hepatic encephalopathy

give an example of a stimulant laxative

senna bisacodyl glycerol suppositries docusate sodium

when are stimulant laxative indicated

constipation faecal impaction

give examples of macrolides

clarithromycin erythromycin azithromycin

what is lidocaine indicated for

local anaesthesia

when are macrolides indicated

H.pylori irradication pneumonia skin and sodt tissue infections

give an example of a biguanide

metformin

when is a biguanide indicated

then is methotrexate indicated

chemotherapy psoriasis RA

when is naloxone indicated

opioid toxicity poisoning

when is nicroandil indicated

angina

what are some nictoine replacement and related drugs

bupropion - zyban vareniciline - champix

when is nitrofurantoin indiacted

UTI

give examples of NSAIDs

ibuprofen naproxen diclofenac

when are NSAIDs indicated

Gout inflammation pain

Give examples of ocular lubricants

carbomer hypromellose

when are ocular lubricants indicated

dry eyes Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Sjogren's syndrome

give examples of Oestrogens and progesterones

Combined pill desogestrel Oestrogen only and combines HRT

when are oestrogens and progesterones indicated

hormonal contraceptions HRT

what are some examples of compound preparation opioids

CO-codamol Co-dydramol

when are compound preparation opioids indicated

for pain

what are some strong opioids

morphine oxycodone fentanyl

when are strong opioids indicated

ACS breathlessness Pain Pulm oedema

examples of weak opioids

codeine dihydrocodeine tramadol

when are weak opioids indicated

pain

when is oxygen indicated

CO poisioning Hypoxameia Pneumothorax poisoning

then is paracetamol indicated

fever pain

give examples of penicillins

benzylpenicillin phenoxymethylpenicillin

when are penicillins indicated

endocarditis meningitis pneumonia sepsis tonsilitis tetanus

give examples of penicillins, anti-pseudomonal

Piperacillin and tazobactam

when are penicillins, anti-pseudomonal indicated

comple infections pneumonia spesis (+intra abdo) UTI skin and soft tissue infection

give an example of penicillins, penicillinase resistant

flucoloxacillin

when is flucloxacillin indiciated

endocarditis osteomyeltiis septic arthritis skin and soft tissue infections

give examples of broad spectrum penicillins

amoxicillin Co-amoxicilline

when are broad-spectrum penicillins indicated

H.pylori eradication pneumonia/chest infection intra-abdo infection UTI

when is phenytoin indicated

epilepsy focal epilepsy Gen status epilepticus

give examples of phosphodiesterases (type 5) inhibitors

sildenafil tadalafil

when are phosphodiesterase inhibitors indicated

erectile dysfunction pulmonary hypertension

give examples of oral potassium

potassium chloride potassium bicarbonate

when is oral potassium indicated

electrolyte therapy hypokalaemia

when is IV potassium indicated

electrolyte therapy hypokalaemia

give an example of IV potassium

Potassium chloride as IV infusion

give an example of a prostaglanding analogue eye drops

latanoprost bimatoprost

when are prostaglandin eye drops indicated

open angle glaucome ocular hypertension

give an example of a proton pump inhibitor

omeprazole lansoprazole

when is a PPI indicated

dyspepsia GORD H.pylori eradication

Give an example of a quinine

quinine sulfate

when are quinines indicated

leg cramps malaria

give examples of quinolones

ciprofloxacin levofloxacin

when is a quinolone indicated

pneumonia UTI

give examples of statins

atorvastatin simvastatin prevastatin

when are statins indicated

ACS Hyperlipidaemia IHD

give an example of a sulfonylurea

gliclazide

when is a sulfonylurea indicated

give an example of a tetracyclines

oxtetracycline Doxycycline Lymecycline

when are tetracyclines indicated

acne lyme disease pneumonia

give an example of a thiazolidinediones

pioglitazone

when are thiazolidinediones indicated

give an example of a thyroid hormone

levothyroxine

when is a thyroid hormone indicated

hypothyroidism hypopituitarism

when are trimethoprims indicated

pneumocystis pneumonia UTI

give an examples of valproates

sodium valproate valproic acid

when are valproates indicated

Bipolar disorder Epilepsy absence seizure Focal epilepsy generalised

give examples of warfarin/DOACs

warfarin rivaroxiban apixiban endoxaban

when is warfarin/DOAC indicated

AF/flutter DVT heart valve replacement PE VTE

give examples of Z-drugs

zopiclone zolpidem

when are Z-drugs indicated

Insomnia

give an example of a 5a-reductase inhibitors

finasteride

what is finasteride indicated for

BPH

what class of drug is spironolactone

aldosterone antagonist

what class of drug is doxazosin

alpha-blocker

what class of drug is gentamicin

aminoglycosides

what class of drug is mesalazine

aminosalycilates

what class of drug is ramipril

ACE-i

what class of drug is candersartan

ARB

what class of drug is citalopram

SSRI

what class of drug is amitriptyline

tricyclic antidepressant

what class of drug is metoclopramidea

dopamine D2 receptor antagonist

what class of drug is cyclizine

histamine H1 receptor antagonist

what class of drug is ondansetron

serotonin 5-HT3- receptor antagonists

what class of drug is cetirizine

H1-receptor antagonist

what class of drug is loperamide

antimotility drugs

what class of drug is ipratropium bromide

bronchodilators - antimuscarinic

what class of drug is haloperidol

typical anti-psychotic

what class of drug is risperidone, clozapine

atypical anti-psychotic

what class of drug is diazepam

benxodiazepines

what class of drug is salbutamol

beta2-agonists

what class of drug is bisoprolol

beta-blockerss

what class of drug is alendronic acid

bisphosphonates

what class of drug is amlodipine

CCB

what class of drug is prednisolone

systemic corticosteroid

what class of drug is furosemide

loop diuretic

what class of drug is alteplase

fibrinolytic drugs

what class of drug is ranitidine

H2-receptor antagonist

what class of drug is lactulose

osmotic laxative

what class of drug is senna

stimulant laxative

what class of drug is glyceryl trinitrate

nitrates

what class of drug is morphine

strong opioid

what class of drug is codeine

weak opioid

what class of drug is sildenafil

phosphodiesterase (5) inhibitors

what class of drug is omerprazole

PPI

what class of drug is atorvastatin

statins

what class of drug is gliclazide

sulphonylureas

what class of drug is rivaroxaban/apixaban

DOACs

what class of drug is finasteride

5a-reductase inhibitors

100 most common drugs in GP Flashcards

(218 cards)