1000ft View Women's Health

Question 1

What structure most commonly is damaged (fractured) during childbirth due to it being an anatomic ring?

Answer 1

Pubic symphysis

Question 2

What is the difference between a male and female pelvis?

Answer 2

Female pelvis bones are lighter, thinner and cavity is wide and shallow

Coccyx is more flexible in women

Question 3

What is the mons and it’s function?

Answer 3

Fatty mount anterior to pubic bone

*cushion during intercourse and secretes pheromones

Question 4

What structures does the labia protect?

Answer 4

Urethra and vaginal openings

Question 5

What are within the vestibule of the vagina?

Answer 5

Urethra, vestibular gland and external vaginal orifice

Question 6

What branch of the nervous system innervates the Bartholin glands?

Answer 6

Parasympathetic nervous system and is stimulated during times of arousal

Question 7

The release of what substances causes tissues to become erect?

Answer 7

Acetylcholine and nitric oxide

Question 8

Where are the afferent fibers via the sensory ganglia that supply the vagina located?

Answer 8

S2-S4

Question 9

What type of tissue makes up the cervix?

Answer 9

Primarily fibrous tissue, contains less muscle tone than uterus

Question 10

What position does the uterus typically lay?

Answer 10

Typically sits in anteverted position laying over the bladder

Question 11

What layer is involved in monthly menses and is shed?

Answer 11

Endometrium

Question 12

What ligament supports the uterus posterior and inferiorly?

Answer 12

Round ligament

Question 13

What ligament attaches the uterus and ovary?

Answer 13

Ovarian ligament

Question 14

The mesometrium of the broad ligament supports what structure?

Answer 14

Uterus

Question 15

The mesosalpinx of the broad ligament supports what structure?

Answer 15

Fallopian tube

Question 16

The mesovarium of the broad ligament supports what structure?

Answer 16

Ovary

Question 17

The proliferative phase of the uterine cycle is influenced by what hormone?

Answer 17

Estrogen

Question 18

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle is influenced by what hormone?

Answer 18

Progesterone

Question 19

What is the definition of follicle?

Answer 19

Sac containing unfertilized oocyte

Question 20

What is the definition of oocyte?

Answer 20

Developing egg

Question 21

What is the definition of ovum?

Answer 21

Mature egg (through oogenesis)

Question 22

What cell type give nutrients to the ovum for development?

Answer 22

Granulosa cells

Question 23

Which hormone levels are increased at the beginning of the cycle that increase follicular growth?

Answer 23

FSH and LH

Question 24

Where does the egg and sperm usually meet up?

Answer 24

Ampula

Question 25

LH will stimulate the corpus luteum to produce what hormones, and which one is in dominance?

Answer 25

Progesterone and estrogen, progesterone is in dominance

Question 26

Estrogen is primarily made in the ovaries, but where else is it made?

Answer 26

Zona reticularis within the adrenal gland

Question 27

Increased estrogen levels in times of puberty and pregnancy will lead to what changes?

Answer 27

- Enlargement of sex organs - Breast development - Vaginal cellular change from cuboidal to stratified - Cilia in the fallopian tubes

Question 28

In an orgasm, what hormone is released causing uterine contractions?

Answer 28

Oxytocin

Question 29

What muscle contracts during an orgasm to improve transport of the sperm?

Answer 29

Perineal muscles

Question 30

What is anovulation?

Answer 30

No viable follicles or corpus luteum

Question 31

How long does menopause last?

Answer 31

1-8 years

Question 32

How long does the cessation of menses need to be in order for it to be defined as true menopause?

Answer 32

12 months

Question 33

Is estrogen cardio-protective?

Answer 33

Yes, why women are at a lower risk of an MI before menopause but risk becomes equal to men once post-menopausal

Question 34

A lack of sex hormones will cause

Answer 34

- Hot flashes - Irritability - Fatigue - Anxiety - Increased osteoclastic activity

Question 35

What are the three layers (areas) of the broad ligament?

Answer 35

Mesosalpinx supports the fallopian tube​ Mesovarium supports the ovary​ Mesometrium supports the uterus

Question 36

What is the average age of menopause?

Answer 36

51 years in the U.S.

Question 37

What are symptoms associated with menopause or loss of estrogen?

Answer 37

Hot flashes Irritability Insomnia

Question 38

What is the most common reason women seek medical treatment in menopause?

Answer 38

Vasomotor impairment (hot flashes, night sweats, insomina)

Question 39

What is the treatment for dyspareunia in menopause?

Answer 39

personal lubricants and moisturizers, vaginal estradiol​