Treating Diseases 2 R Flashcards
What are all three examples of plants that medicinal drugs were made from
Fox glove
Aspirin
Penicillin
What type of drug is foxglove
It is a heart drug
What type of drug is aspirin
It is a painkiller that originates from willow
What type of drug is penicillin
An antibiotic
Since most drugs are synthesized what are chemists looking for when testing
Optimal dose
See if it works
What happens in a double blind trial
Some patients are given a placebo,which does not contain the drug,and some patients are given the drug
Patients are allocated to randomly to the two groups
Neither doctors nor the patient’s know who has received a placebo and who has received the drug
What are monoclonal antibodies produced from
A single cell that has divided to make many cloned copies of itself
What do monoclonal antobodies bind to and why
Only one type of antigen so they can be used to target a specific chemical or specific cell Sid the body
What are all the ways monoclonal antibodies can be used
On pregnancy tests
In laboratories
In research
To treat some diseases
How do monoclonal antibodies aid in pregnancy tests
They bind the hormone HCG found in urine in early pregnancy
How do monoclonal antibodies become useful in labratories
To measure the levels of hormones and other chemicals in blood or to detect pathogens
In research how are monoclonal antibodies used
To locate or identify specific molecules in a cell or tissue by binding to them with a fluorescent dye
How are monoclonal antibodies used to treat some diseases
To treat some diseases,e.g. in cancer they can be used to deliver a radioactive substance,a toxic drug or a chemical that stops dividing specifically to cancer cells
How are monoclonal antibodies produced
Usually a dead or weakened version of the pathogens in hand is injected into a mouse,the antibodies are harvested from the spleen in the mouse,the antibodies are then put with a cancer cell myloma ,to rapidly reproduce it and we injected into the patient with the pathogen at hand
