DNA and protein synthesis Flashcards
What is the genetic material in the nucleus
DNA
What are the structures in DNA called
chromosomes
what is the small section of DNA on a chromosome called?
a gene
each gene codes for a specific sequence of ____
amino acids
The genome of an organism is its entire _____
genetic material
what type of sequence is a DNA made up of?
a Polymer sequence
what are the many repeating units within the DNA called?
Nucleotides
what does each nucleotide consist of?
- a sugar
- a phosophate
- one of four bases:A,C,G,or T
Each nucleotide joins together to form____
long strands
Each molecule has two alternating sugar and phosphate strands,which are twisted to form a____
double helix
attached to each sugar molecule is_____
one of the four bases
what is a change in a DNA structure called?
a mutation
what do carier molecules do?
bring specific amino acids to add to the growing protein chain in the correct order
what do non coding parts of DNA do to genes
non coding parts of DNA can switch genes on/off so that they can/cannot make specific proteins
