Unit 1 - Topic 2

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

Area/conditions in which organism lives

Sometimes refer exclusively to natural areas on Earth

Question 2

Competition

Answer 2

Struggle among individual organisms for access to limited resource (food or territory)

Question 3

Broad niche

Answer 3

Roles/characteristic activities filled by a generalist organism

Question 4

Generalist

Answer 4

Organism with generalized requirements and adaptations
allowing it to survive in variable conditions
depend on variety of food sources
tend to have broad niche

Question 5

Narrow niche

Answer 5

highly specialized role/characteristic activity

undertaken by organism in an ecosystem

Question 6

Specialists

Answer 6

type of organism adapted to very specific environment

Phaving narrow niche

Question 7

Specialization

Answer 7

Adaptations for surviving for very specific environments

Question 8

Symbiotic

Answer 8

Interaction between organisms of dif species
Living in close proximity to each other
In relationship lasting over time

Question 9

What helps in comp and why

Answer 9

Variations between individuals
One species may be faster or able to avoid predators
Allows better-adapted species to reproduce and take over

Question 10

Species avoiding comp

Answer 10

Use dif food source

Kept dif habits or behaviours

Question 11

Avoiding comp changes … which …

Answer 11

Niches

Increase variation with or between species

Question 12

Feeds on insects at top and tips of trees

Answer 12

Cape May warbler

Question 13

Feeds on insects near trunk’s lower branches and in ground

Answer 13

Yellow-rumpled warbler

Question 14

Feeds near middle of tree

Answer 14

Black-throated green warbler

Question 15

Feeds from lower half of the tree away from tips

Answer 15

Bay-breasted warbler

Question 16

Feeds from outer tips from middle to top

Answer 16

Blackburnian warbler

Question 17

Warblers

Answer 17

Small, active birds

Sharp beaks adapted for capturing insects

Question 18

Warbler seen winter where and summer where

Answer 18

Southern Us and in Centeal/South America

Spruce forests of Canada

Question 19

Streptococcus mutans

Answer 19

Bacterium
Major component of dental plaque
Regular brushing prevents build-up and cavities

Question 20

Example of places with broad niche

Answer 20

Northern Canada/Arctic ecosystem

Question 21

Example of places with narrow niche

Answer 21

Rainforests

Question 22

Which would have higher biodiversity and why

Healthy Arctic ecosystem vs healthy Tropic ecosystem

Answer 22

Rainforest 
Warm and abundance of moisture 
Easier for organisms to survive/adapt 
Arctic harsh and extreme weather
Hard for unfamiliar species to adapt

Question 23

Do all specialists live in tropics

Answer 23

Nope

Question 24

Tropical rainforests containing

Answer 24

Unexplored areas

Undiscovered species

Question 25

Adapted to extreme cold
Tiny arthropod
Produces antifreeze in tissues
Survives up to -35 C

Answer 25

Antarctic Springtail

Question 26

Snowfields
Cell membranes adapted to cold temperatures
Photosynthetic
Wine produce reddish pigments high in mountains
Protects against suns damaging rays

Answer 26

Snow Algae

Question 27

Pink snow

Answer 27

Red alga
Adapted living in cold climates
Found snowfields and glaciers

Question 28

Desert Spadefoot frog

Answer 28

Harsh conditions of Aussie dessert
Can be inactive for years in sand
Awaits rain

Question 29

Mycorrhizae fungi

Answer 29

Surround and enter roots
Roots change shape
Use fluorescent stain to see

Question 30

Lemmings

Answer 30

Don’t intentionally jump off cliffs to drown
Mass movements may result in drowning
Near-sighted
Pop at peak every 3 yrs

Question 31

Feral parakeets/NYC

Answer 31

Bright green parrots
Build nests in high-voltage power lines
Prob descended from escaped pet birds
Hard to tell if generalists or lucky specialists