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Science 9 > Unit 3 - Topic 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 - Topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Acidic

A

Having a pH value less than 7

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2
Q

Basic

A

Having a pH level more than seven

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3
Q

Acid

A

A chemical that produces an acidic substance

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4
Q

Base

A

A chemical that produces a basic substance

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5
Q

Acid properties

A
  • sour
  • sticky
  • turn litmus red
  • react with bases and metals
  • conducts electricity
  • react with hydrogen
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6
Q

Base properties

A
  • bitter
  • slippery
  • turn litmus blue
  • react with acids
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7
Q

Phosphoric acid

A
  • fertilizers detergents, pharmaceuticals
  • cheeses, jellies, jams, carbonated beverages
  • anything with tangy flavour
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8
Q

Sulphuric acid

A
  • car battery
  • paints and dyes
  • refining oil and gas
  • production of synthetic textiles
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9
Q

Sodium hydroxide

A
  • component of household and industrial cleaners
  • bleaching agents for paper
  • fixatives in textile dying
  • solvents in making of electronic circuit boards
  • reagent in film processing
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10
Q

Aluminum hydroxide

A
  • antacid tablets
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11
Q

Sulphuric acid important cause

A

Can estimate countries’ industrial activity by looking at volume of it used by countries

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12
Q

Litmus

A

Mixture of plant compounds extracted from lichens

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13
Q

Indicator

A

Chemical that changes colour to indicate whether substance acid or base

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14
Q

Litmus colour when neutral

A

Pink

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15
Q

Lemon/vinegar on fish

A

Fish contains compound that’s basic

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16
Q

Power in pH is

A

Power of ten scientific notation

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17
Q

pH scale

A

Way of comparing relative alkalinity and acidity of substance

18
Q

pH paper

A

Paper saturated with chemical to show whether substance basic or acidic

19
Q

pH

A

Power of hydrogen
Refers to formation of hydrogen atoms that have lost an electron
5.3 ten times more acidic than 6.3
4.7 100 times more acidic than 6.7

20
Q

Rhododendron flourish in

A

Moist acidic environments

pH of 5 best

21
Q

Wheat, maize

A

Drier conditions

pH 7/8 best

22
Q

Oxides of carbon, nitrogen, soulful produced by

A

Burning of organic materials reacting with moisture in air

23
Q

Acid precipitation

A

Acid compounds washed out of air by rain/snow may be deposited far away from source

24
Q

Acid rain/snow looks, fells, tastes

A

Normal

25
Q

Acid precipitation $/yr

A

1 billion

26
Q

Acid rain can …

A

Destroy aquatic ecosystems of lakes, streams
Reduces crop productivity
Harms other vegetation
Accelerates decay of buildings, structures, monuments

27
Q

Acid rain/Italy

A

Covered famous marble statues with transparent cases filled with inert gases erected around to prevent damage

28
Q

50%

A

Acid precipitation affecting eastern Cad from US

Issue in political discussions between Canada and US since 1970s

29
Q

David Schindler/2001

A

Ualberta
Won one of largest science prizes on continent
Research on acid precipitation and impact of phosphorus-based detergents on world freshwater supply
$1-million Gerhard Herzberg Canad Gold Medal for Science and Engineering

30
Q

1996

A

Cad and US agreed to reduce exhaust emissions by 19% by 2000

Exhaust emissions from cars built before 1998 reduced by 60%

31
Q

Terrestrial ecosystems/acid precipitation

A

Acid dissolved mineral nutrients and allows them to be leached or washed away
Nutrient-poor soil
Poorer growing conditions
Heavy metals (4.0 g/mL) washed into streams and water supplies

32
Q

Heavy metals

A

Lead
Mercury
Cadmium
Nickel

33
Q

Liming

A

Process of adding calcium carbonate to environment

Helps neutralize acidic lakes

34
Q

Acid-base neutralization

A

Combining of acid and base to produce salt and water

35
Q

Canadian lakes/acid precipitation

A

After ice age debris left in form of rocks ended up at bottom of lakes
Rocks contain lots of calcium carbonate
Acid precipitation not big effect because of rocks in water

36
Q

Calcium carbonate source

A

Limestone

37
Q

Liming needs what to be done

A

Aircraft

38
Q

Liming limited success

A
  • rivers, streams constantly feed acidified water into lakes
  • lakes have to be continuously lined
  • 140 000/150 000 lakes
  • expensive
  • impractical
39
Q

Catalytic converters

A

Device that encourages complete oxidization during combustion

40
Q

Catalyst

A

Substance that speeds up chemical reaction without being used in reaction

41
Q

Cataplectic converters work best when

A

Catalysts warmed up
Takes about 90 s
70% pollutants in car cycle released during 90 s tho

Science 9 (21 decks)

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