Céphalée Flashcards

1
Q

Quelle céphalée?
usually bilateral
dull
withot no/vo
can be associated with neck, scalp or shoulder msucle pain
can be described as a band or tightness across the forehead

A

Céphalée de tension

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2
Q

Quelle céphalée?
usually unilateral
pain is felt in the orbital or supra-orbital or temporal region
associated with nasale congestion or cononctival injection
tearing possible from the eye from the same side of headache

described: excruciating, stabbing, sharp, lancinating,
dlr peut irradier: joue, machoire, occiput, nuque

avec ssx PSYM: ipsilat lacrimation, conjonctival injection, rhinorrhée, eyelid oedème, ptose, myosis

triggers:hot weather, watching TV, nitroglycerine, stress, relaxation, extreme temperature, glare, allergic rhinitis, sexual activity

attack lasts 5-10 min ad 180 min if not treated
frequency: once every other day to 8 times a day
particularly during sleep or early morning hours
usually correspondin qith onset of REM sleep

dure de 2 semaines à 3 mois; pause d’au moins 2 semaines entre les attaques si cluster épisodique
si chronique, > 1 an avec pause < 2 semaines

pendant attaque: pt agité ou restless

A

Cluster headache / céphalée de Horton

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3
Q
Quelle céphalée?
unilatéale
severe, pulsatile
associated with no/vo
photo/phonophobie
sx exacerbated by activité and alleviated by rest (usually dark room)
A

Migraine

+/- aura

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4
Q

Quelle céphalée?

présente le matin ou au réveil

A

SAHS

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5
Q

conduite (tx) pour cluster?

A

1re ligne: 100% o2 6-12 L par min x 15 min avec masque facial

2e ligne (si réfractaire) : hypothalamic stimulation using deep-brain electrodes

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6
Q

vrai ou faux:

les clusters sont plus fréquents chez les hommes?

A

vrai

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7
Q

FDR développer des clusters?

A
SAHS
hx fam de céphalée
chaleur excessive
shift work
odeur de gasoline and oil
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8
Q

sx atypique d’une céphalée de cluster qui soulève une étiologie secondaire?

A

absence de pattern périodique
céphalée résiduelle entre les attaques
bilatérale
incomplete or minimal response to standard tx
presence of lateralizion on examination (other than Horner’s sd)

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9
Q

vrai ou faux

les migraines affectent davantage les hommes?

A

faux
femmes 18%
H: 6%

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10
Q

pattern d’aura en lien avec migraine?

A

aura d’abord: chgt appétit, sx autonomique. altered mood, agitation psychomotrice, retardation (hours to days before onset);
fully reversible sx of focal cerebral dysfunction like :homonymous visual disturbance (zigzags, scotomes, sports,) unilatera paresthesias, numbness, unliat weakness, pahasia
migraine dans les 60 min suivantes

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11
Q

triggers de migraine?

A
stress
mood
sleep excess
sleep deprivation
chemical or hormonal changes due to medics (estrogens, NTG) or menstruation, ovulation or pregnancy are typical 
cafine withdrawal
chocolat
tyramines (red wine, cheese)
nitrites (viandes)
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12
Q

Red flags céphalée suggérant une étiologie secondaire?

A
1re à vie
changement de pattern
pire à vie
thunderclap /aigu persistante
> 50 ans
pire à l'effort / valsalva
pire le matin
hx trauma
hx néo
anomalie examen neuro
méningisme
papilloedème, hémorragie rétienne
HTA sévère
état procoagulant, coagulopathie
prise a/c
grossesse
expostion au CO
claudication mâchoire, 
sensibilité du cuir chevelu, 
PMR, 
vision monoculaire embrouillée
usage cocaïne, amphétamine
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13
Q

si céphalée secondaire étiologie vasculaire suspectée, investigation pertinente?
étio non vasculaire?

A

TDM cérébral c-

bx artère temporale
INR, TCA
FSC
dépistage substance
TDM
PL
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14
Q

ddx céphalée secondaire?

A
HSA
artérite temporale
thrombose veineuse
hématome intracrânien
HTA sévère
hypertension intracrânienne idiopathique
infection intracrânienne
lésion/masse/loe
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