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Geography > Costal Landforms / Erosion > Flashcards

Costal Landforms / Erosion Flashcards

1
Q

What is a concordant coastline?

A

Concordant coasts are made up of the same rock type, parallel to the sea

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2
Q

What is a discordant coastline?

A

Discordant coasts have rocks that alternate in layers perpendicular to the sea, forming headlands and bays

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3
Q

What is erosion?

A

Wearing away of material

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4
Q

What is transportation?

A

Movement of material

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5
Q

What is weathering?

A

Breaking down rocks through natural means

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6
Q

What is deposition?

A

Dropping of material when waves lose energy

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of weathering (sub-aerial processes)

A

Mechanical, Chemical, Biological

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8
Q

What are the 4 types of transportation?

A

Traction, saltation, suspension, solution

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9
Q

What are the human impacts on coasts?

A

Tourism, Industry, Agriculture, Coastal Management, Development

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10
Q

What is traction?

A

Large boulders rolling along the seabed

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11
Q

What is saltation?

A

Small stones bouncing along the seabed

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12
Q

What is suspension?

A

Sand and small particles carried along in the flow

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13
Q

What is solution?

A

Minerals dissolve in seawater and carried along in the flow

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14
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

Waves forcing air and water into cracks in rocks

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15
Q

What is abrasion?

A

Rocks scraping along the seabed in a sandpaper effect

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16
Q

What is attrition?

A

Rocks crashing against eachother

17
Q

What are the features of destructive waves?

A

Small wave height, weak swash, strong backwash, high frequency

18
Q

What are the features of constructive waves?

A

Tall wave height, strong swash, weak backwash, low frequency

19
Q

What is the swash?

A

Pushing materials along the beach

20
Q

What is the backwash?

A

Carrying materials from the beach and into the sea

21
Q

What is longshore drift?

A

Movement of sediment along the beach

22
Q

How are stacks and stumps formed?

A

Hydraulic action forces open a crack in a cliff to form a cave, which eventually the backwall will collapse into an arch. Overtime, the arch will be eroded and the top will collapse to become a stack and then into a stump

23
Q

How are headland and bays formed?

A

Waves eroding the soft rock in cliffs to form bays. Hard rock resists erosion to form headlands.

Geography (8 decks)

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