Social/Observational learning Flashcards
Who propounded the social learning theory?
Canadian-American Psychologist, Prof. Emeritus Albert Bandura
Why is Bandura’s theory seen as a bridge between learning theories and cognitive theories?
This is because it emphasizes attention, memory and motivation
An expansion of Bandura’s theory resulted in?
the creation of the Social-Cognitive Theory
What is observational learning(modeling)?
Learning by observing the behavior of others and the consequences of that behavior
What is vicarious learning?
occurs when individuals observe the behaviours of others and learn from the consequences of those behaviours.
Who is the model?
The individual who demonstrates a behaviour or whose behaviour is imitated
How did Bandura illustrate how observational learning occurs?
He used several experiments including the Bobo Doll experiment
Observational learning occurs whether it is reinforced or not. True or False?
True
What is vicarious reinforcement?
– Observed reinforcement of the behaviour of a model, which also increases the probability of the same behaviour in the observer
What is Vicarious punishment ?
Observed punishment of the behaviour of a model, which also decreases the probability of the same behaviour in the observer
What are some critiques of the Bobo doll experiment?
- it was unethical
- possibly had long-term effects on the children
- only showed children playing and not aggressing
- it seems artificial
- it is flawed
What 4 key processes does observational learning involve?
Attention
Encoding and Retention
Motor reproduction
Motivation
What are the modes of observational learning?
Modeling Effect
Elicitation Effect
Inhibitory Effect
Disinhibitory Effect
What is modeling effect?
It refers to learning a new behavior from a model through the acquisition of new responses
What is elicitation effect?
It refers to exhibiting a behavior similar to that shown by a model in an unfamiliar situation
