(PM3A) Cancer Immunotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What types of immunotherapy drugs are used for treatment of cancer?

A

(1) Checkpoint inhibitors
(2) Cancer vaccines
(3) T cell immunotherapy

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2
Q

What is the most successful treatment of cancer?

A

Surgery

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3
Q

What are two potential approaches for cancer immunotherapy?

A

(1) Antigen specific approach
– e.g. CAR-T cell therapy

(2) Exploitation of natural immune response
– e.g. checkpoint inhibitors

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4
Q

What are tumour associated antigens?

A

Peptides + antibody targets (antigens) in certain tumour cells

Each tumour is thought to have its own autoantigens

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5
Q

What is an adjuvant?

A

Drives an immune response to an antigen

Used in vaccines

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6
Q

What are some potential problems with vaccines as a potential treatment of cancer?

A

(1) Human adjuvants are not particularly effective
(2) Tumours resist adaptive immune response
(3) May need a different vaccine for each patient

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7
Q

What are some clinically effective examples of drugs that inhibit release in cancer immunotherapy?

A

(1) CTLA-4 blockade

(2) PD-1 inhibitor

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8
Q

What are some examples of PD-L1 inhibitors?

A
  • nivolumab
  • pembrolizumab
  • atezolizumab
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9
Q

What is Kymriah?

A

CAR-T

Antigen-specific approach

Removal of T cells and changing their receptor to a specific antigen

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