101

Question 1

Face

Answer 1

Back

Question 2

Most common type of ovarian tumor?

Answer 2

Surface epithelial tumors (serous and mucinous types). These arise from coelomic epithelium, which lines the ovary. Most common in postmenopausal women.

Question 3

Histology of serous tumors?

Answer 3

Lined by tubal-like epithelium (simple columnar epithelium with cilia). Can be benign (cystadenoma), borderline, or malignant (cystadenocarcinoma).

Question 4

Key risk factor for serous cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 4

BRCA1 mutation. Also increases risk for fallopian tube and breast cancer. Often bilateral.

Question 5

Mucinous tumor histology?

Answer 5

Lined by mucin-secreting epithelium, resembles endocervix or intestine. Can be multilocular.

Question 6

Complication of mucinous tumors if they rupture?

Answer 6

Pseudomyxoma peritonei – abundant mucinous material in peritoneum. Most commonly from appendiceal tumor metastasis to ovary.

Question 7

Most common germ cell tumor?

Answer 7

Cystic teratoma (mature teratoma). Benign tumor with tissues from all 3 germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm). Can have teeth, hair, etc.

Question 8

Immature teratoma vs mature teratoma?

Answer 8

Immature: contains immature/embryonic tissue, especially neuroectoderm → malignant. Mature: benign, adult-like tissues.

Question 9

Tumor marker for dysgerminoma?

Answer 9

LDH (lactate dehydrogenase). Dysgerminoma = ovarian version of seminoma. Radiosensitive, good prognosis.

Question 10

Histology of yolk sac tumor?

Answer 10

Schiller-Duval bodies (glomerulus-like structures). High AFP levels. Aggressive tumor in children/young women.

Question 11

Most common malignant germ cell tumor in children?

Answer 11

Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor). Presents with abdominal mass and ↑AFP.

Question 12

Granulosa cell tumor features?

Answer 12

Produces estrogen → precocious puberty, endometrial hyperplasia, abnormal bleeding. Call-Exner bodies on histology.

Question 13

Sertoli-Leydig tumor presentation?

Answer 13

Androgen producing → hirsutism, virilization. Reinke crystals may be seen in Leydig cells.

Question 14

Krukenberg tumor origin and features?

Answer 14

Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma (diffuse type). Signet-ring cells seen on histology.

Question 15

Most common site of origin for pseudomyxoma peritonei?

Answer 15

Appendix. Often spreads to ovary, mimicking primary mucinous tumor.