101: Safety Fundamentals Flashcards
(24 cards)
101.1
Describe the key concept of ORM
Operational Risk Managment (ORM)
it is a 5-step decision making tool used by personnel at all levels to minimize risks
101.1a
Describe Step 1 of ORM
Identifying Hazards
-analyze the mission
-list the hazards
-determine the root cause
101.1b
Discuss Step 2 of ORM
Assessing Hazards
-determine the associated degree of risk in terms of probability and severity
101.1c
Discuss Step 3 of ORM
Making Risk Decisions
-identify/develop risk control options
101.1d
Discuss Step 4 of ORM
Implementing controls
-make implementation clear
-establish accountability
-provide support
101.1e
Discuss Step 5 of ORM
Supervising
-monitor
-review
-feedback
101.5
Define RAC
Risk Assessment Code (RAC)
an expression of the risk associated with a hazard that combines the hazard severity and mishap probability into a single Arabic numeral
101.5
List the 5 RACs
I. Critcal risk
II. Serious risk
III. Moderate risk
IV. Minor risk
V. Negligible risk
101.9
State the 3 objectives of first aid
- save lives
- prevent further injury
- limit infection
101.10
State the 3 methods of controlling bleeding
- direct pressure
- pressure points (or indirect pressure)
- tourniquet (or constricting band)
101.11
Identify the 11 pressure points
Jaw
Temple
Collar Bone
Neck
Bicep (or inner upper arm)
Elbow
Wrist
Upper Thigh
Groin
Knee
Ankle
101.12
Describe the treatment for shock
- lay the victim down with feet elevated 6-12 inches
- cover them to maintain body heat
- reassure & calm the victim if they’re conscious
101.13a
Describe the effects and treatment of First Degree burns
Effects
- only affects the epidermis
- red and painful
- ex. sunburn
Treatment
- run cool water or apply cold compress
- aloe/ointments
- avoid ice and oils
101.13b
Describe the effects and treatment for Second Degree burns
Effects
- multiple layers of skin damage
- blisters
Treatments
- gently wash with cool water
- cover with clean bandage
- pain meds
101.13c
Describe the effects and treatment for Third Degree burns
Effects
- destroyed skin layers
- white or charred
- nerve, muscle, bone damage
Treatments
- seek immediate medical attention
- treat for shock
- do not remove clothing
101.14
State the difference between an open and closed fracture
an open fracture is one in which the bone protrudes from the skin
a closed fracture is one in which the skin remains intact
101.16
Describe the methods for clearing an obstructed airway
Reclining/Standing Abdominal Thrust
Reclining/Standing Chest Thrust
101.17a
Describe the effects and treatment for hypothermia
Effects
- exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature
- shivering, pale
- slow, shallow breathing
Treatment
- maintain body heat
- minimize heat loss
101.17b
Describe the effects and treatment for frostbite
Effects
- Superficial: ice crystals on upper skin layers
- Deep: ice crystals in deeper tissues
Treatment
- do not rub
- maintain circulation
- keep affected body parts as warm as possible
101.17c
Describe the effects and treatment for heat stress
Effects
- increased body temperature
- fatigue, headache, nausea
Treatment
- move to cooler area
101.17d
Describe the effects and treatment for heat exhaustion
Effects
- heat related disruption of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs
- cold, moist, clammy skin
- dilated pupils
- weak pulse
Treatment
- move to cooler area
- loosen clothing and apply cool, wet cloth
- 1 tbsp salt to 1 qt water
101.17e
Describe the effects and treatment for heat stroke
Effects
- body can no longer eliminate heat
- constricted pupils
- fast, strong pulse
Treatment
- move to cooler area
- lay victim on back with feet slightly raised
- douse with cold water or cold towels
101.19
Define HAZMAT
Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT)
any item or agent which has the potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment either by itself or through interaction with other factors
101.23
List and describe the general characteristics of PPE
a. Respirators- assigned individually; cleaned/disinfected regularly; managed by Respiratory Protection Manager (RPM)
b. Hand Protection- ranges from barrier creams to gloves
c. Foot Protection- steel-toed boots; properly fitted
d. Eye Protection- personal eyeglasses, goggles, welding helmets w/ special lenses, etc
e. Face Protection- face shields or helmets/hard hats; eye protection must be worn along with face protection
f. Skin/Body Protection- rubber equipment; HAZMAT suits; head coverings
g. Hearing Protection- earplugs, earmuffs, or both
