108: Networks Flashcards
(24 cards)
108.1b
Define application server
a server that is designed for running specific applications for individual clients to keep resources available for other tasks
108.1d
Define switch
central connection point for network connections that receives a packet at one port, filters it based on the MAC address, and forwards it to the intended destination (OSI layer 2)
108.1e
Define router
a networking device that forwards packets between networks by determining the best path to the destination; work at the network layer (OSI layer 3)
108.1h
Define firewall
a network component placed to help eliminate undesired access; 1st line of defense for the network
108.1k
Define repeater
device that receives a signal, cleans it of unnecessary noise, regenerates it, and retransmits it at a higher power level (OSI layer 1)
108.3a
Explain topology
the physical arrangement of an area network’s components
- bus: common backbone to connect all devices
- star: features a central connection point
- ring: every device has exactly two neighbors
- mesh: all nodes are connected to each other
108.3b
Explain LAN
local area network
privately owned network(s) within a single building or campus of up to a few kilometers
108.3c
Explain WAN
wide area network
publicly owned group of networks over a large geographical area
108.3d
Explain MAN
metropolitan area network
slightly larger than LAN; covers a group of buildings or city and can be publicly or privately owned
108.4a
Identify the functions, by layer, of the OSI Model
(picture bottom up)
7. Application Layer - app2app comms
6. Presentation Layer - data rep and encryption
5. Session Layer - interhost comms
4. Transport Layer - end2end connections
3. Network Layer - path determination and IP addressing
2. Data Link Layer - physical addressing (MAC & LLC)
1. Physical Layer - media, signal and binary transmission
108.6a
Define NIPRNET and how its used
Nonclassified Internet Protocol Router Network
used to exchange sensitive but unclassified information between internal users as well as provide internet access
108.6b
Define SIPRNET and how its used
Secret Internet Protocol Router Network
interconnected computer networks used to transmit classified information via the TCP/IP protocol suite
108.6c
Define JWICS and how its used
Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications Systems
interconnected computer networks used to transmit classified information via packet switching over TCP/IP
108.6d
Define CENTRIXS and how its used
Combined Enterprise Regional Information Exchange System
used to connect with select allied countries
transmits classified information via a secure TCP/IP infrastructure
108.10a
Describe network enumeration and the risks associated
discovery of hosts and devices on a network in an effort to further identify the function of the remote host, solicit information, and identify the host’s vulnerabilities
108.10c
Describe SQL injection and the risks associated
attack on a system where malicious code is attempted to be run by exploiting an incorrectly filter input statement
malicious code is injected and executed at the same time
108.10d
Describe a dictionary attack and the risks associated
repeatedly and systematically feeding a system keys and passcodes that are likely to be valid
this is not a brute force attack
108.10e
Describe privilege escalation and the risks associated
a user gaining access to resources they would not normally be granted
108.10i
Describe denial of service (DoS) and the risks associated
interruption in an authorized user’s access by malicious intent
108.10j
Describe distributed denial of service (DDoS) and the risks associated
DoS where multiple systems flood the bandwidth or resources of a targeted system
108.11
Describe the functionality of PKI
Public Key Infrastructure
secures the electronic transfer of information by using a set of rules, policies, and procedures to manage digital certificates
108.12
State the purpose of a Domain Controller, Exchange Server, and DNS
domain controller is the server which responds to security authentication requests
exchange server is a Microsoft email server which is usually joined to a trusted domain
DNS is authoritative to its single named IP space
108.14
Explain TCP and UPD internet protocols
Transmission Control Protocol
provides reliable connection over timely connection
User Datagram Protocol
provides timely connection over reliable connection
108.18
State the purpose of active directory
Microsoft’s implementation of security domains for centralized management purposes
